#include "vulkan_common.h" namespace Donut::RHI { auto VulkanDevice::create_instance() -> bool { VkApplicationInfo app{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO }; app.pApplicationName = "Donut"; app.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_2; uint32_t glfwExtCount = 0; const char** glfwExts = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&glfwExtCount); if (!glfwExts) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan RHI: GLFW reports no surface support"); return false; } std::vector exts(glfwExts, glfwExts + glfwExtCount); exts.push_back(VK_KHR_PORTABILITY_ENUMERATION_EXTENSION_NAME); exts.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME); std::vector layers; uint32_t layer_count = 0; vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, nullptr); std::vector avail(layer_count); vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, avail.data()); for (const auto& l : avail) if (std::strcmp(l.layerName, "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation") == 0) layers.push_back("VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation"); VkInstanceCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO }; ici.flags = VK_INSTANCE_CREATE_ENUMERATE_PORTABILITY_BIT_KHR; ici.pApplicationInfo = &app; ici.enabledExtensionCount = (uint32_t)exts.size(); ici.ppEnabledExtensionNames = exts.data(); ici.enabledLayerCount = (uint32_t)layers.size(); ici.ppEnabledLayerNames = layers.data(); VkResult r = vkCreateInstance(&ici, nullptr, &m_instance); if (r != VK_SUCCESS && !layers.empty()) { DONUT_WARN("Vulkan RHI: validation layer unavailable, continuing without it"); ici.enabledLayerCount = 0; ici.ppEnabledLayerNames = nullptr; r = vkCreateInstance(&ici, nullptr, &m_instance); } if (r != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan RHI: vkCreateInstance failed ({})", (int)r); return false; } VKD_CHECK(glfwCreateWindowSurface(m_instance, m_window, nullptr, &m_surface)); DONUT_INFO("Vulkan RHI: instance + surface created (validation {})", layers.empty() ? "off" : "on"); return true; } auto VulkanDevice::pick_physical_and_device() -> bool { uint32_t count = 0; vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(m_instance, &count, nullptr); if (count == 0) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan RHI: no physical devices"); return false; } std::vector devices(count); vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(m_instance, &count, devices.data()); m_physical = devices[0]; uint32_t q = 0; vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(m_physical, &q, nullptr); std::vector qfams(q); vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(m_physical, &q, qfams.data()); bool fg = false, fp = false; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < q; ++i) { if (!fg && (qfams[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)) { m_graphics_family = i; fg = true; } VkBool32 present = VK_FALSE; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(m_physical, i, m_surface, &present); if (!fp && present) { m_present_family = i; fp = true; } } if (!fg || !fp) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan RHI: no graphics/present queue"); return false; } std::vector dev_exts = { VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME }; uint32_t dec = 0; vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(m_physical, nullptr, &dec, nullptr); std::vector dep(dec); vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(m_physical, nullptr, &dec, dep.data()); for (const auto& e : dep) if (std::strcmp(e.extensionName, "VK_KHR_portability_subset") == 0) dev_exts.push_back("VK_KHR_portability_subset"); float priority = 1.0f; std::vector qcis; uint32_t families[2] = { m_graphics_family, m_present_family }; for (uint32_t i = 0; i < (m_graphics_family == m_present_family ? 1u : 2u); ++i) { VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo qci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO }; qci.queueFamilyIndex = families[i]; qci.queueCount = 1; qci.pQueuePriorities = &priority; qcis.push_back(qci); } VkDeviceCreateInfo dci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO }; dci.queueCreateInfoCount = (uint32_t)qcis.size(); dci.pQueueCreateInfos = qcis.data(); dci.enabledExtensionCount = (uint32_t)dev_exts.size(); dci.ppEnabledExtensionNames = dev_exts.data(); VKD_CHECK(vkCreateDevice(m_physical, &dci, nullptr, &m_device)); vkGetDeviceQueue(m_device, m_graphics_family, 0, &m_graphics_queue); vkGetDeviceQueue(m_device, m_present_family, 0, &m_present_queue); VkPhysicalDeviceProperties props{}; vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(m_physical, &props); vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(m_physical, &m_mem_props); m_gpu_name = props.deviceName; DONUT_INFO("Vulkan RHI device: {}", m_gpu_name); return true; } auto VulkanDevice::create_swapchain() -> bool { VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR caps{}; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(m_physical, m_surface, &caps); uint32_t fc = 0; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(m_physical, m_surface, &fc, nullptr); std::vector formats(fc); vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(m_physical, m_surface, &fc, formats.data()); VkSurfaceFormatKHR chosen = formats[0]; for (const auto& f : formats) if (f.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM && f.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR) chosen = f; m_swapchain_format = chosen.format; if (caps.currentExtent.width != UINT32_MAX) m_extent = caps.currentExtent; else { m_extent.width = std::clamp((uint32_t)m_width, caps.minImageExtent.width, caps.maxImageExtent.width); m_extent.height = std::clamp((uint32_t)m_height, caps.minImageExtent.height, caps.maxImageExtent.height); } uint32_t image_count = caps.minImageCount + 1; if (caps.maxImageCount > 0 && image_count > caps.maxImageCount) image_count = caps.maxImageCount; VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR sci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR }; sci.surface = m_surface; sci.minImageCount = image_count; sci.imageFormat = chosen.format; sci.imageColorSpace = chosen.colorSpace; sci.imageExtent = m_extent; sci.imageArrayLayers = 1; sci.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT; sci.preTransform = caps.currentTransform; sci.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR; // FIFO is always available (vsync). With vsync off, prefer IMMEDIATE // (uncapped, may tear) then MAILBOX, if the surface supports them. VkPresentModeKHR present_mode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR; if (!m_vsync) { uint32_t pmc = 0; vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(m_physical, m_surface, &pmc, nullptr); std::vector modes(pmc); vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(m_physical, m_surface, &pmc, modes.data()); auto has = [&](VkPresentModeKHR m){ return std::find(modes.begin(), modes.end(), m) != modes.end(); }; if (has(VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR)) present_mode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR; else if (has(VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR)) present_mode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR; } sci.presentMode = present_mode; sci.clipped = VK_TRUE; uint32_t fam[2] = { m_graphics_family, m_present_family }; if (m_graphics_family != m_present_family) { sci.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT; sci.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2; sci.pQueueFamilyIndices = fam; } else sci.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateSwapchainKHR(m_device, &sci, nullptr, &m_swapchain)); uint32_t n = 0; vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(m_device, m_swapchain, &n, nullptr); m_images.resize(n); vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(m_device, m_swapchain, &n, m_images.data()); return true; } auto VulkanDevice::create_image_views() -> bool { m_image_views.resize(m_images.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < m_images.size(); ++i) { VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO }; vci.image = m_images[i]; vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; vci.format = m_swapchain_format; vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 }; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(m_device, &vci, nullptr, &m_image_views[i])); } return true; } // A render pass for one attachment signature, created once and cached. // `present` targets (the swapchain) finish PRESENT_SRC and sync on the // colour-output stage; `sampled` targets (off-screen) finish // SHADER_READ_ONLY and round-trip through the fragment shader so the next // pass can sample them. Depth (VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED = none) is optional. auto VulkanDevice::get_render_pass(VkFormat color, VkFormat depth, bool present) -> VkRenderPass { uint64_t key = (uint64_t)(uint32_t)color | ((uint64_t)(uint32_t)depth << 24) | ((uint64_t)(present ? 1 : 0) << 48); auto it = m_pass_cache.find(key); if (it != m_pass_cache.end()) return it->second; const bool has_depth = depth != VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED; VkAttachmentDescription atts[2]{}; atts[0].format = color; atts[0].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; atts[0].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; atts[0].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE; atts[0].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; atts[0].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE; atts[0].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; atts[0].finalLayout = present ? VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR : VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL; atts[1].format = depth; atts[1].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; atts[1].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; atts[1].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE; atts[1].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; atts[1].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE; atts[1].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; atts[1].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL; VkAttachmentReference color_ref{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL }; VkAttachmentReference depth_ref{ 1, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL }; VkSubpassDescription subpass{}; subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS; subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &color_ref; if (has_depth) subpass.pDepthStencilAttachment = &depth_ref; VkSubpassDependency deps[2]{}; uint32_t dep_count; if (present) { deps[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL; deps[0].dstSubpass = 0; deps[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_EARLY_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT; deps[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_EARLY_FRAGMENT_TESTS_BIT; deps[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT | VK_ACCESS_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT; dep_count = 1; } else { deps[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL; deps[0].dstSubpass = 0; deps[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; deps[0].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT; deps[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; deps[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT; deps[1].srcSubpass = 0; deps[1].dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL; deps[1].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; deps[1].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT; deps[1].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; deps[1].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT; dep_count = 2; } VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO }; rpci.attachmentCount = has_depth ? 2 : 1; rpci.pAttachments = atts; rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass; rpci.dependencyCount = dep_count; rpci.pDependencies = deps; VkRenderPass rp = VK_NULL_HANDLE; if (vkCreateRenderPass(m_device, &rpci, nullptr, &rp) != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan RHI: render pass creation failed"); return VK_NULL_HANDLE; } m_pass_cache[key] = rp; return rp; } auto VulkanDevice::create_depth_and_framebuffers() -> bool { VkImageCreateInfo dici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO }; dici.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; dici.format = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT; dici.extent = { m_extent.width, m_extent.height, 1 }; dici.mipLevels = 1; dici.arrayLayers = 1; dici.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT; dici.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL; dici.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateImage(m_device, &dici, nullptr, &m_depth_image)); VkMemoryRequirements dreq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(m_device, m_depth_image, &dreq); VkMemoryAllocateInfo dai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO }; dai.allocationSize = dreq.size; dai.memoryTypeIndex = find_memory_type(dreq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT); VKD_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(m_device, &dai, nullptr, &m_depth_mem)); VKD_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(m_device, m_depth_image, m_depth_mem, 0)); VkImageViewCreateInfo dvci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO }; dvci.image = m_depth_image; dvci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; dvci.format = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT; dvci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 }; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(m_device, &dvci, nullptr, &m_depth_view)); m_framebuffers.resize(m_image_views.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < m_image_views.size(); ++i) { VkImageView att[2] = { m_image_views[i], m_depth_view }; VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO }; fbci.renderPass = m_swapchain_rp; fbci.attachmentCount = 2; fbci.pAttachments = att; fbci.width = m_extent.width; fbci.height = m_extent.height; fbci.layers = 1; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(m_device, &fbci, nullptr, &m_framebuffers[i])); } return true; } auto VulkanDevice::create_command_and_sync() -> bool { VkCommandPoolCreateInfo pci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO }; pci.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT; pci.queueFamilyIndex = m_graphics_family; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateCommandPool(m_device, &pci, nullptr, &m_command_pool)); m_command_buffers.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT); VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO }; cbai.commandPool = m_command_pool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; VKD_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(m_device, &cbai, m_command_buffers.data())); m_image_available.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT); m_in_flight.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT); m_render_finished.resize(m_images.size()); m_images_in_flight.assign(m_images.size(), VK_NULL_HANDLE); VkSemaphoreCreateInfo sci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO }; VkFenceCreateInfo fci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO }; fci.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT; for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; ++i) { VKD_CHECK(vkCreateSemaphore(m_device, &sci, nullptr, &m_image_available[i])); VKD_CHECK(vkCreateFence(m_device, &fci, nullptr, &m_in_flight[i])); } for (size_t i = 0; i < m_images.size(); ++i) VKD_CHECK(vkCreateSemaphore(m_device, &sci, nullptr, &m_render_finished[i])); m_frame_pools.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT); VkDescriptorPoolSize sizes[2] = { { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 512 }, { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 256 }, }; for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; ++i) { VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO }; dpci.maxSets = 256; dpci.poolSizeCount = 2; dpci.pPoolSizes = sizes; VKD_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(m_device, &dpci, nullptr, &m_frame_pools[i])); } return true; } auto VulkanDevice::cleanup_swapchain() -> void { for (auto fb : m_framebuffers) vkDestroyFramebuffer(m_device, fb, nullptr); m_framebuffers.clear(); if (m_depth_view) { vkDestroyImageView(m_device, m_depth_view, nullptr); m_depth_view = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } if (m_depth_image) { vkDestroyImage(m_device, m_depth_image, nullptr); m_depth_image = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } if (m_depth_mem) { vkFreeMemory(m_device, m_depth_mem, nullptr); m_depth_mem = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } for (auto iv : m_image_views) vkDestroyImageView(m_device, iv, nullptr); m_image_views.clear(); if (m_swapchain) { vkDestroySwapchainKHR(m_device, m_swapchain, nullptr); m_swapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } } auto VulkanDevice::recreate_swapchain() -> bool { int w = 0, h = 0; glfwGetFramebufferSize(m_window, &w, &h); while (w == 0 || h == 0) { glfwGetFramebufferSize(m_window, &w, &h); glfwWaitEvents(); } m_width = w; m_height = h; vkDeviceWaitIdle(m_device); cleanup_swapchain(); if (!create_swapchain()) return false; if (!create_image_views()) return false; if (!create_depth_and_framebuffers())return false; m_images_in_flight.assign(m_images.size(), VK_NULL_HANDLE); return true; } }