[chore]: MASSIVE refactor + more vulkan bs

36 files changed, 0 insertions, 4317 deletions

diff --git a/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.h b/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d9eb08..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-// Pure-C++ interface to the Metal backend (no Objective-C leaks into the rest
-// of the engine). Implemented in MetalContext.mm.
-namespace Donut
-{
-    // Phase 1 bring-up: creates the default Metal device + command queue and
-    // logs its capabilities, proving the Metal toolchain and build integration
-    // work natively on Apple Silicon. This grows into the Metal compute island
-    // that runs the geodesic ray tracer in real time.
-    bool MetalProbe();
-
-    // Compiles + dispatches a trivial compute kernel and validates the read-back,
-    // proving the Metal compute path the geodesic ray tracer will run on.
-    bool MetalComputeSelfTest();
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.mm b/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.mm
deleted file mode 100644
index 1bb9e70..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Metal/MetalContext.mm
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,124 +0,0 @@
-#import <Metal/Metal.h>
-#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
-
-#include "MetalContext.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    bool MetalProbe()
-    {
-        @autoreleasepool
-        {
-            id<MTLDevice> device = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice();
-            if (device == nil)
-            {
-                DONUT_ERROR("Metal: no default device available");
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            id<MTLCommandQueue> queue = [device newCommandQueue];
-            const char* name = [[device name] UTF8String];
-
-            DONUT_INFO("Metal device: {}", name ? name : "(unknown)");
-            DONUT_INFO("Metal: unified memory = {}, max threads/threadgroup = {}",
-                       device.hasUnifiedMemory ? "yes" : "no",
-                       (unsigned long)device.maxThreadsPerThreadgroup.width);
-
-            if (queue == nil)
-            {
-                DONUT_WARN("Metal: failed to create command queue");
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Compiles a trivial compute kernel, dispatches it over a small texture, and
-    // reads the result back to confirm the full Metal compute path works: source
-    // compilation, pipeline state, command encoding, dispatch, and shared-memory
-    // read-back. This is the mechanism the geodesic ray tracer will run on.
-    bool MetalComputeSelfTest()
-    {
-        @autoreleasepool
-        {
-            id<MTLDevice> device = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice();
-            id<MTLCommandQueue> queue = [device newCommandQueue];
-            if (device == nil || queue == nil)
-                return false;
-
-            NSString* src =
-                @"#include <metal_stdlib>\n"
-                 "using namespace metal;\n"
-                 "kernel void selfTest(texture2d<float, access::write> outTex [[texture(0)]],\n"
-                 "                     uint2 gid [[thread_position_in_grid]])\n"
-                 "{\n"
-                 "    uint w = outTex.get_width();\n"
-                 "    uint h = outTex.get_height();\n"
-                 "    if (gid.x >= w || gid.y >= h) return;\n"
-                 "    outTex.write(float4(float(gid.x) / float(w - 1),\n"
-                 "                        float(gid.y) / float(h - 1), 0.5, 1.0), gid);\n"
-                 "}\n";
-
-            NSError* err = nil;
-            id<MTLLibrary> lib = [device newLibraryWithSource:src options:nil error:&err];
-            if (lib == nil)
-            {
-                DONUT_ERROR("Metal self-test: kernel compile failed: {}",
-                            err ? [[err localizedDescription] UTF8String] : "unknown");
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            id<MTLFunction> fn = [lib newFunctionWithName:@"selfTest"];
-            id<MTLComputePipelineState> pipeline =
-                [device newComputePipelineStateWithFunction:fn error:&err];
-            if (pipeline == nil)
-            {
-                DONUT_ERROR("Metal self-test: pipeline creation failed");
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            const uint32_t W = 64, H = 64;
-            MTLTextureDescriptor* desc =
-                [MTLTextureDescriptor texture2DDescriptorWithPixelFormat:MTLPixelFormatRGBA8Unorm
-                                                                   width:W
-                                                                  height:H
-                                                               mipmapped:NO];
-            desc.usage = MTLTextureUsageShaderWrite | MTLTextureUsageShaderRead;
-            desc.storageMode = MTLStorageModeShared;
-            id<MTLTexture> tex = [device newTextureWithDescriptor:desc];
-
-            id<MTLCommandBuffer> cb = [queue commandBuffer];
-            id<MTLComputeCommandEncoder> enc = [cb computeCommandEncoder];
-            [enc setComputePipelineState:pipeline];
-            [enc setTexture:tex atIndex:0];
-
-            MTLSize tg = MTLSizeMake(16, 16, 1);
-            MTLSize grid = MTLSizeMake(W, H, 1);
-            [enc dispatchThreads:grid threadsPerThreadgroup:tg];
-            [enc endEncoding];
-            [cb commit];
-            [cb waitUntilCompleted];
-
-            // Read back the far corner; the kernel writes (~1, ~1, 0.5, 1) there.
-            std::vector<uint8_t> px(W * H * 4);
-            [tex getBytes:px.data()
-              bytesPerRow:W * 4
-               fromRegion:MTLRegionMake2D(0, 0, W, H)
-              mipmapLevel:0];
-
-            size_t corner = ((size_t)(H - 1) * W + (W - 1)) * 4;
-            DONUT_INFO("Metal compute self-test: corner pixel RGBA = ({}, {}, {}, {})",
-                       (int)px[corner + 0], (int)px[corner + 1],
-                       (int)px[corner + 2], (int)px[corner + 3]);
-
-            bool ok = px[corner + 0] > 250 && px[corner + 1] > 250 &&
-                      px[corner + 3] == 255;
-            DONUT_INFO("Metal compute self-test: {}", ok ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
-            return ok;
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index c46e0e6..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,246 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLFramebuffer.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    namespace Utils
-    {
-        static GLenum TextureTarget(bool multisampled)
-        {
-            return multisampled ? GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE : GL_TEXTURE_2D;
-        }
-
-        static void BindTexture(bool multisampled, uint32_t id)
-        {
-            glBindTexture(TextureTarget(multisampled), id);
-        }
-
-        static void CreateTextures(bool multisampled, uint32_t* outID, uint32_t count)
-        {
-            // glCreateTextures is 4.5 DSA; macOS caps at 4.1. Callers bind each
-            // texture (with the correct target) before use.
-            glGenTextures(count, outID);
-        }
-
-        static void AttachColorTexture(uint32_t id, int samples, GLenum internalFormat, GLenum format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, int index)
-        {
-            bool multisampled = samples > 1;
-            if (multisampled)
-            {
-                glTexImage2DMultisample(GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, samples, internalFormat, width, height, GL_FALSE);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // Integer color formats require an integer pixel type even when
-                // data is null, or macOS's strict core profile rejects the call.
-                GLenum type = (format == GL_RED_INTEGER) ? GL_INT : GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE;
-                glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, internalFormat, width, height, 0, format, type, nullptr);
-
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-            }
-
-            glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + index, TextureTarget(multisampled), id, 0);
-        }
-
-        static void AttachDepthTexture(uint32_t id, int samples, GLenum format, GLenum attachmentType, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-        {
-            bool multisampled = samples > 1;
-            if (multisampled)
-            {
-                glTexImage2DMultisample(GL_TEXTURE_2D_MULTISAMPLE, samples, format, width, height, GL_FALSE);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // glTexStorage2D is 4.2; use mutable storage for macOS (4.1).
-                GLenum depthFormat = (format == GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8) ? GL_DEPTH_STENCIL : GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT;
-                GLenum depthType   = (format == GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8) ? GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8 : GL_FLOAT;
-                glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, format, width, height, 0, depthFormat, depthType, nullptr);
-
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-                glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-            }
-
-            glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, attachmentType, TextureTarget(multisampled), id, 0);
-        }
-
-        static bool IsDepthFormat(FramebufferTextureFormat format)
-        {
-            switch (format)
-            {
-                case FramebufferTextureFormat::DEPTH24STENCIL8:  return true;
-            }
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        static GLenum DonutFBTextureFormatToGL(FramebufferTextureFormat format)
-        {
-            switch (format)
-            {
-                case FramebufferTextureFormat::RGBA8:       return GL_RGBA8;
-                case FramebufferTextureFormat::RED_INTEGER: return GL_RED_INTEGER;
-            }
-
-            return 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    OpenGLFramebuffer::OpenGLFramebuffer(const FramebufferSpecification& spec)
-        : m_Specification(spec)
-    {
-        for (auto spec : m_Specification.Attachments.Attachments)
-        {
-            if (!Utils::IsDepthFormat(spec.TextureFormat))
-                m_ColorAttachmentSpecifications.emplace_back(spec);
-            else
-                m_DepthAttachmentSpecification = spec;
-        }
-
-        Invalidate();
-    }
-
-    OpenGLFramebuffer::~OpenGLFramebuffer()
-    {
-        glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glDeleteTextures(static_cast<GLsizei>(m_ColorAttachments.size()), m_ColorAttachments.data());
-        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_DepthAttachment);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLFramebuffer::Invalidate()
-    {
-        if (m_RendererID)
-        {
-            glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-            glDeleteTextures(static_cast<GLsizei>(m_ColorAttachments.size()), m_ColorAttachments.data());
-            glDeleteTextures(1, &m_DepthAttachment);
-
-            m_ColorAttachments.clear();
-            m_DepthAttachment = 0;
-        }
-
-        glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_RendererID); // glCreateFramebuffers is 4.5 DSA; unavailable on macOS 4.1
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_RendererID);
-
-        bool multisample = m_Specification.Samples > 1;
-
-        if (m_ColorAttachmentSpecifications.size())
-        {
-            m_ColorAttachments.resize(m_ColorAttachmentSpecifications.size());
-            Utils::CreateTextures(multisample, m_ColorAttachments.data(), static_cast<uint32_t>(m_ColorAttachments.size()));
-
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < m_ColorAttachments.size(); i++)
-            {
-                Utils::BindTexture(multisample, m_ColorAttachments[i]);
-                switch (m_ColorAttachmentSpecifications[i].TextureFormat)
-                {
-                    case FramebufferTextureFormat::RGBA8:
-                        Utils::AttachColorTexture(m_ColorAttachments[i], m_Specification.Samples, GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, m_Specification.Width, m_Specification.Height, static_cast<int>(i));
-                        break;
-                    case FramebufferTextureFormat::RED_INTEGER:
-                        Utils::AttachColorTexture(m_ColorAttachments[i], m_Specification.Samples, GL_R32I, GL_RED_INTEGER, m_Specification.Width, m_Specification.Height, static_cast<int>(i));
-                        break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (m_DepthAttachmentSpecification.TextureFormat != FramebufferTextureFormat::None)
-        {
-            Utils::CreateTextures(multisample, &m_DepthAttachment, 1);
-            Utils::BindTexture(multisample, m_DepthAttachment);
-            switch (m_DepthAttachmentSpecification.TextureFormat)
-            {
-                case FramebufferTextureFormat::DEPTH24STENCIL8:
-                    Utils::AttachDepthTexture(m_DepthAttachment, m_Specification.Samples, GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, m_Specification.Width, m_Specification.Height);
-                    break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (m_ColorAttachments.size() > 1)
-        {
-            GLenum buffers[4] = { GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT1, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT2, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT3 };
-            glDrawBuffers(static_cast<GLsizei>(m_ColorAttachments.size()), buffers);
-        }
-        else if (m_ColorAttachments.empty())
-            glDrawBuffer(GL_NONE);
-
-        if (glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE)
-        {
-            GLenum status = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER);
-            switch (status)
-            {
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNDEFINED:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer is undefined");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_ATTACHMENT:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer has incomplete attachment");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MISSING_ATTACHMENT:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer is missing attachment");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_DRAW_BUFFER:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer has incomplete draw buffer");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_READ_BUFFER:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer has incomplete read buffer");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_UNSUPPORTED:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer format is unsupported");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_MULTISAMPLE:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer has incomplete multisample");
-                    break;
-                case GL_FRAMEBUFFER_INCOMPLETE_LAYER_TARGETS:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer has incomplete layer targets");
-                    break;
-                default:
-                    DONUT_ERROR("Framebuffer is incomplete (unknown error: {})", status);
-                    break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLFramebuffer::Bind()
-    {
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glViewport(0, 0, m_Specification.Width, m_Specification.Height);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLFramebuffer::Unbind()
-    {
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLFramebuffer::Resize(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-    {
-        m_Specification.Width = width;
-        m_Specification.Height = height;
-
-        Invalidate();
-    }
-
-    int OpenGLFramebuffer::ReadPixel(uint32_t attachmentIndex, int x, int y)
-    {
-        glReadBuffer(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + attachmentIndex);
-        int pixelData;
-        glReadPixels(x, y, 1, 1, GL_RED_INTEGER, GL_INT, &pixelData);
-        return pixelData;
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLFramebuffer::ClearAttachment(uint32_t attachmentIndex, int value)
-    {
-        // glClearTexImage is 4.4 and unavailable on macOS. Clear the integer
-        // attachment by binding this framebuffer and clearing its draw buffer.
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glClearBufferiv(GL_COLOR, static_cast<GLint>(attachmentIndex), &value);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cd376c..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLFramebuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/Framebuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLFramebuffer : public Framebuffer
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLFramebuffer(const FramebufferSpecification& spec);
-        virtual ~OpenGLFramebuffer();
-
-        void Invalidate();
-
-        virtual void Bind()   override;
-        virtual void Unbind() override;
-
-        virtual void Resize(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)          override;
-        virtual int ReadPixel(uint32_t attachmentIndex, int x, int y) override;
-
-        virtual void ClearAttachment(uint32_t attachmentIndex, int value) override;
-        virtual uint32_t GetColorAttachmentRendererID(uint32_t index = 0) const override { return m_ColorAttachments[index]; }
-
-        virtual const FramebufferSpecification& GetSpecification() const override { return m_Specification; }
-    private:
-        uint32_t m_RendererID = 0;
-        FramebufferSpecification m_Specification;
-
-        std::vector<FramebufferTextureSpecification> m_ColorAttachmentSpecifications;
-        FramebufferTextureSpecification m_DepthAttachmentSpecification = FramebufferTextureFormat::None;
-
-        std::vector<uint32_t> m_ColorAttachments;
-        uint32_t m_DepthAttachment = 0;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 668a898..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLIndexBuffer.h"
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    OpenGLIndexBuffer::OpenGLIndexBuffer(const uint32_t* indices, uint32_t count)
-        : m_Count(count)
-    {
-        glGenBuffers(1, &m_RendererID); // glCreateBuffers is 4.5 DSA; unavailable on macOS 4.1
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, count * sizeof(uint32_t), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLIndexBuffer::~OpenGLIndexBuffer() 
-    {
-        glDeleteBuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLIndexBuffer::Bind() const 
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLIndexBuffer::Unbind() const
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b3048a3..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLIndexBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/IndexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLIndexBuffer
-        : public IndexBuffer 
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLIndexBuffer(const uint32_t* indices, uint32_t count);
-        virtual ~OpenGLIndexBuffer();
-
-        virtual void Bind()         const override;
-        virtual void Unbind()       const override;
-        virtual uint32_t GetCount() const override { return m_Count; }
-
-    private:
-        uint32_t m_RendererID;
-        uint32_t m_Count;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index fd3c491..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLRendererAPI.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::Init()
-    {
-        if (!glfwGetCurrentContext())
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("No OpenGL context is current! Cannot initialize GLAD.");
-            return;
-        }
-        
-        if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Failed to initialize GLAD!");
-            return;
-        }
-        
-        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-        glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-        glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-        glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
-        
-        glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
-        glCullFace(GL_BACK);
-        glFrontFace(GL_CCW);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::SetViewport(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-    {
-        glViewport(x, y, width, height);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color)
-    {
-        glClearColor(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::Clear()
-    {
-        glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::EnableDepthTest()
-    {
-        glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::DisableDepthTest()
-    {
-        glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::SetFaceCulling(bool enabled)
-    {
-        if (enabled)
-        {
-            glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
-            glCullFace(GL_BACK);
-            glFrontFace(GL_CCW);
-        }
-        else
-            glDisable(GL_CULL_FACE);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::EnableBlending()
-    {
-        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
-        glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::DisableBlending()
-    {
-        glDisable(GL_BLEND);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::DrawIndexed(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, uint32_t indexCount)
-    {
-        uint32_t count = indexCount ? indexCount : vertexArray->GetIndexBuffer()->GetCount();
-        glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, count, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, nullptr);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::DrawArrays(uint32_t vertexCount, uint32_t first)
-    {
-        glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, first, vertexCount);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::DrawLines(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, uint32_t indexCount)
-    {
-        uint32_t count = indexCount ? indexCount : vertexArray->GetIndexBuffer()->GetCount();
-        glDrawElements(GL_LINES, count, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, nullptr);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::BindTexture(uint32_t textureID, uint32_t slot)
-    {
-        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + slot);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::BindImageTexture(uint32_t textureID, uint32_t slot, bool readOnly)
-    {
-        // Image load/store is OpenGL 4.2; the pointer is null on macOS (4.1).
-        if (glBindImageTexture == nullptr)
-            return;
-        glBindImageTexture(slot, textureID, 0, GL_FALSE, 0,
-                          readOnly ? GL_READ_ONLY : GL_WRITE_ONLY, GL_RGBA8);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLRendererAPI::ReadPixels(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, 
-                                       uint32_t format, uint32_t type, void* pixels)
-    {
-        glReadPixels(x, y, width, height, format, type, pixels);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 5a68622..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLRendererAPI.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Core/Memory.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-
-#include "Rendering/Renderer.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLRendererAPI 
-        : public RendererAPI
-    {
-    public:
-        virtual void Init()                                       override;
-        virtual void SetViewport(uint32_t x,     uint32_t y, 
-                                 uint32_t width, uint32_t height) override;
-        virtual void SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color)        override;
-        virtual void Clear()                                      override;
-        virtual void EnableDepthTest()                            override;
-        virtual void DisableDepthTest() override;
-        virtual void SetFaceCulling(bool enabled)                 override;
-        virtual void EnableBlending() override;
-        virtual void DisableBlending() override;
-
-        virtual void DrawIndexed(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, 
-                                 uint32_t indexCount = 0)         override;
-        
-        virtual void DrawArrays(uint32_t vertexCount, 
-                                uint32_t first = 0)               override;
-        virtual void DrawLines(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, 
-                               uint32_t indexCount = 0)           override;
-        virtual void BindTexture(uint32_t textureID, 
-                                 uint32_t slot = 0)               override;
-        virtual void BindImageTexture(uint32_t textureID, 
-                                      uint32_t slot = 0, 
-                                      bool readOnly = false)      override;
-        virtual void ReadPixels(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, 
-                                uint32_t width,  uint32_t height, 
-                                uint32_t format, uint32_t type, 
-                                void* pixels)                     override;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d6dd66..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,302 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLShader.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
-
-#include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    static uint32_t ShaderTypeFromString(const std::string& type)
-    {
-        if (type == "vertex")
-            return GL_VERTEX_SHADER;
-        if (type == "fragment" || type == "pixel")
-            return GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER;
-        if (type == "compute")
-            return GL_COMPUTE_SHADER;
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    // Shaders are authored in Slang and compiled to Assets/Shaders/generated/
-    // <name>.glsl by Tools/compile-shaders.sh. Given a legacy ".../<name>.glsl"
-    // path, prefer that generated file when present; otherwise fall back to the
-    // hand-written GLSL (e.g. shaders not yet ported to Slang).
-    static std::string ResolveShaderPath(const std::string& filepath)
-    {
-        size_t slash = filepath.find_last_of("/\\");
-        std::string dir  = (slash == std::string::npos) ? std::string() : filepath.substr(0, slash + 1);
-        std::string file = (slash == std::string::npos) ? filepath : filepath.substr(slash + 1);
-        size_t dot = file.rfind('.');
-        std::string base = (dot == std::string::npos) ? file : file.substr(0, dot);
-
-        std::string generated = dir + "generated/" + base + ".glsl";
-        std::ifstream test(generated);
-        if (test.good())
-            return generated;
-        return filepath;
-    }
-
-    OpenGLShader::OpenGLShader(const std::string& filepath)
-    {
-        std::string resolved = ResolveShaderPath(filepath);
-        m_IsSlang = (resolved != filepath);
-        std::string source = ReadFile(resolved);
-        auto shaderSources = PreProcess(source);
-        Compile(shaderSources);
-
-        auto lastSlash = filepath.find_last_of("/\\");
-        lastSlash = lastSlash == std::string::npos ? 0 : lastSlash + 1;
-        auto lastDot = filepath.rfind('.');
-        auto count = lastDot == std::string::npos ? filepath.size() - lastSlash : lastDot - lastSlash;
-        m_Name = filepath.substr(lastSlash, count);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLShader::OpenGLShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& vertexSrc, const std::string& fragmentSrc)
-        : m_Name(name)
-    {
-        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> sources;
-        sources[GL_VERTEX_SHADER] = vertexSrc;
-        sources[GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER] = fragmentSrc;
-        Compile(sources);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLShader::OpenGLShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& computeSrc)
-        : m_Name(name)
-    {
-        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> sources;
-        sources[GL_COMPUTE_SHADER] = computeSrc;
-        Compile(sources);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLShader::~OpenGLShader()
-    {
-        glDeleteProgram(m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    std::string OpenGLShader::ReadFile(const std::string& filepath)
-    {
-        std::string result;
-        std::ifstream in(filepath, std::ios::in |
-                                   std::ios::binary);
-
-        if (in)
-        {
-            in.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
-            size_t size = in.tellg();
-            if (size != -1)
-            {
-                result.resize(size);
-                in.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
-                in.read(&result[0], size);
-            }
-        }
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> OpenGLShader::PreProcess(const std::string& source)
-    {
-        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> shaderSources;
-
-        const char* typeToken = "#type";
-        size_t typeTokenLength = strlen(typeToken);
-        size_t pos = source.find(typeToken, 0);
-
-        while (pos != std::string::npos)
-        {
-            size_t eol = source.find_first_of("\r\n", pos);
-            size_t begin = pos + typeTokenLength + 1;
-            std::string type = source.substr(begin, eol - begin);
-
-            size_t nextLinePos = source.find_first_not_of("\r\n", eol);
-            pos = source.find(typeToken, nextLinePos);
-            shaderSources[ShaderTypeFromString(type)] = (pos == std::string::npos) ? source.substr(nextLinePos) :
-            source.substr(nextLinePos, pos - nextLinePos);
-        }
-
-        return shaderSources;
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::Compile(const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string>& shaderSources)
-    {
-        uint32_t program = glCreateProgram();
-        std::vector<uint32_t> glShaderIDs(shaderSources.size());
-        for (auto& kv : shaderSources)
-        {
-            uint32_t type = kv.first;
-            const std::string& source = kv.second;
-
-            uint32_t shader = glCreateShader(type);
-            const char* sourceCStr = source.c_str();
-            glShaderSource(shader, 1, &sourceCStr, 0);
-            glCompileShader(shader);
-
-            int isCompiled = 0;
-            glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &isCompiled);
-            if (isCompiled == GL_FALSE)
-            {
-                int maxLength = 0;
-                glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &maxLength);
-                std::vector<char> infoLog(maxLength);
-                glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, maxLength, &maxLength, &infoLog[0]);
-                glDeleteShader(shader);
-                for (auto id : glShaderIDs)
-                    glDeleteShader(id);
-                glDeleteProgram(program);
-                m_RendererID = 0;
-                // infoLog.data() is null when the driver returns an empty log
-                // (e.g. macOS rejecting a compute shader); streaming a null
-                // char* into std::cout calls strlen(NULL) and crashes.
-                const char* log = infoLog.empty() ? "" : infoLog.data();
-                std::cout << "Shader compilation failure!" << std::endl << log << std::endl;
-                return;
-            }
-            glAttachShader(program, shader);
-            glShaderIDs.push_back(shader);
-        }
-
-        m_RendererID = program;
-        glLinkProgram(m_RendererID);
-
-        int isLinked = 0;
-        glGetProgramiv(m_RendererID, GL_LINK_STATUS, (int*)&isLinked);
-        if (isLinked == GL_FALSE)
-        {
-            int maxLength = 0;
-            glGetProgramiv(m_RendererID, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &maxLength);
-            std::vector<char> infoLog(maxLength);
-            glGetProgramInfoLog(m_RendererID, maxLength, &maxLength, &infoLog[0]);
-            glDeleteProgram(m_RendererID);
-            for (auto id : glShaderIDs)
-                glDeleteShader(id);
-            m_RendererID = 0;
-            const char* log = infoLog.empty() ? "" : infoLog.data();
-            std::cout << "Shader link failure!" << std::endl << log << std::endl;
-            return;
-        }
-
-        for (auto id : glShaderIDs)
-        {
-            glDetachShader(m_RendererID, id);
-            glDeleteShader(id);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::Bind() const
-    {
-        glUseProgram(m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::Unbind() const
-    {
-        glUseProgram(0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetInt(const std::string& name, int value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformInt(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count)
-    {
-        UploadUniformIntArray(name, values, count);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetFloat(const std::string& name, float value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformFloat(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformFloat2(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformFloat3(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformFloat4(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::SetMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& value)
-    {
-        UploadUniformMat4(name, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformInt(const std::string& name, int value)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform1i(location, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform1iv(location, count, values);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformFloat(const std::string& name, float value)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform1f(location, value);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform2f(location, value.x, value.y);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform3f(location, value.x, value.y, value.z);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniform4f(location, value.x, value.y, value.z, value.w);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformMat3(const std::string& name, const glm::mat3& matrix)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniformMatrix3fv(location, 1, m_IsSlang ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(matrix));
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::UploadUniformMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& matrix)
-    {
-        int location = glGetUniformLocation(m_RendererID, name.c_str());
-        glUniformMatrix4fv(location, 1, m_IsSlang ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(matrix));
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::Dispatch(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z)
-    {
-        // Compute shaders require OpenGL 4.3+. On drivers that cap out earlier
-        // (e.g. macOS, which is frozen at 4.1) glDispatchCompute is never
-        // loaded and the pointer is null. Guard so we no-op instead of crash.
-        if (m_RendererID == 0 || glDispatchCompute == nullptr)
-            return;
-        glDispatchCompute(x, y, z);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::DispatchIndirect(uint32_t offset)
-    {
-        if (m_RendererID == 0 || glDispatchComputeIndirect == nullptr)
-            return;
-        glDispatchComputeIndirect(offset);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLShader::MemoryBarrier(uint32_t barriers)
-    {
-        if (glMemoryBarrier == nullptr)
-            return;
-        glMemoryBarrier(barriers);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 4b63597..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLShader.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/Shader.h"
-
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-
-namespace Donut 
-{
-    class OpenGLShader 
-        : public Shader 
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLShader(const std::string& filepath);
-        OpenGLShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& vertexSrc, const std::string& fragmentSrc);
-        OpenGLShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& computeSrc);
-        virtual ~OpenGLShader();
-
-        virtual void Bind()   const override;
-        virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-        virtual void SetInt(     const std::string& name, int value)                   override;
-        virtual void SetIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count) override;
-        virtual void SetFloat(   const std::string& name, float value)                 override;
-        virtual void SetFloat2(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)      override;
-        virtual void SetFloat3(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)      override;
-        virtual void SetFloat4(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)      override;
-        virtual void SetMat4(    const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& value)      override;
-
-        virtual void Dispatch(uint32_t x, uint32_t y = 1, uint32_t z = 1) override;
-        virtual void DispatchIndirect(uint32_t offset = 0)                override;
-        virtual void MemoryBarrier(uint32_t barriers)                     override;
-
-        virtual const std::string& GetName() const override { return m_Name; }
-        virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-        void UploadUniformInt(     const std::string& name, int value);
-        void UploadUniformIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count);
-        void UploadUniformFloat(   const std::string& name, float value);
-        void UploadUniformFloat2(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value);
-        void UploadUniformFloat3(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value);
-        void UploadUniformFloat4(  const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value);
-        void UploadUniformMat3(    const std::string& name, const glm::mat3& matrix);
-        void UploadUniformMat4(    const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& matrix);
-
-    private:
-        std::string ReadFile(const std::string& filepath);
-        std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> PreProcess(const std::string& source);
-        void Compile(const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string>& shaderSources);
-    private:
-        uint32_t    m_RendererID = 0;
-        std::string m_Name;
-        // True when loaded from a Slang-compiled GLSL. Slang expects row-major
-        // matrix data, so matrix uniforms are transposed on upload (glm is
-        // column-major) to keep all matrix math correct.
-        bool        m_IsSlang = false;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 16892c6..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,272 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLTexture.h"
-
-#include "Rendering/Shader.h"
-
-#define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION
-#include "stb_image.h"
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
-
-// NOTE: This file targets OpenGL 4.1 (the maximum macOS exposes). It uses the
-// classic bind-based texture API rather than 4.5 Direct State Access
-// (glCreateTextures / glTextureStorage2D / glTextureParameteri / glBindTextureUnit),
-// none of which exist on macOS.
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    OpenGLTexture2D::OpenGLTexture2D(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-        : m_Width(width), m_Height(height)
-    {
-        m_InternalFormat = GL_RGBA8;
-        m_DataFormat     = GL_RGBA;
-
-        glGenTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_RendererID);
-        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, m_InternalFormat, m_Width, m_Height, 0, m_DataFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
-
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLTexture2D::OpenGLTexture2D(const std::string& path)
-        : m_Path(path)
-    {
-        m_Width          = 1;
-        m_Height         = 1;
-        m_InternalFormat = GL_RGBA8;
-        m_DataFormat     = GL_RGBA;
-
-        glGenTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_RendererID);
-        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, m_InternalFormat, m_Width, m_Height, 0, m_DataFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, nullptr);
-
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);
-
-        uint32_t whitePixel = 0xFFFFFFFF;
-        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, m_Width, m_Height, m_DataFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, &whitePixel);
-
-        DONUT_INFO("Created default texture (stb_image not available for loading: ", path, ")");
-    }
-
-    OpenGLTexture2D::~OpenGLTexture2D()
-    {
-        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLTexture2D::SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)
-    {
-        uint32_t bpp = m_DataFormat == GL_RGBA ? 4 : 3;
-        if (size != m_Width * m_Height * bpp)
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Data must be entire texture!");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_RendererID);
-        glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, m_Width, m_Height, m_DataFormat, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLTexture2D::Bind(uint32_t slot) const
-    {
-        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + slot);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLTexture2D::BindAsImage(uint32_t slot, bool readOnly) const
-    {
-        // Image load/store is OpenGL 4.2 and unavailable on macOS. Guard the
-        // function pointer so this degrades to a no-op instead of crashing.
-        if (glBindImageTexture == nullptr)
-            return;
-        GLenum access = readOnly ? GL_READ_ONLY : GL_WRITE_ONLY;
-        glBindImageTexture(slot, m_RendererID, 0, GL_FALSE, 0, access, m_InternalFormat);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLCubemapTexture::OpenGLCubemapTexture(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-        : m_Width(width), m_Height(height)
-    {
-        m_InternalFormat = GL_RGBA16F;
-        m_DataFormat     = GL_RGBA;
-
-        glGenTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, m_RendererID);
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-            glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, m_InternalFormat, m_Width, m_Height, 0, m_DataFormat, GL_FLOAT, nullptr);
-
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLCubemapTexture::OpenGLCubemapTexture(const std::string& path)
-        : m_Path(path)
-    {
-        m_Width          = 1024;
-        m_Height         = 1024;
-        m_InternalFormat = GL_RGBA16F;
-        m_DataFormat     = GL_RGBA;
-
-        glGenTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, m_RendererID);
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-            glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, m_InternalFormat, m_Width, m_Height, 0, m_DataFormat, GL_FLOAT, nullptr);
-
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_R, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-
-        LoadHDRI(path);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLCubemapTexture::~OpenGLCubemapTexture()
-    {
-        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLCubemapTexture::LoadHDRI(const std::string& path)
-    {
-        stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load(true);
-        int width, height, channels;
-        float* hdrData = stbi_loadf(path.c_str(), &width, &height, &channels, 3);
-
-        if (!hdrData)
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Failed to load HDRI: {}", path);
-            float defaultSky[6 * 4] =
-            {
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // Right
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // Left
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // Top
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // Bottom
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // Front
-                0.5f, 0.7f, 1.0f, 1.0f   // Back
-            };
-
-            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, m_RendererID);
-            for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-                glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, &defaultSky[i * 4]);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        ConvertEquirectangularToCubemap(hdrData, width, height);
-        stbi_image_free(hdrData);
-
-        DONUT_INFO("Successfully loaded HDRI: {} ({}x{})", path, width, height);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLCubemapTexture::ConvertEquirectangularToCubemap(float* hdrData, int width, int height)
-    {
-        uint32_t captureFBO, captureRBO;
-        glGenFramebuffers(1, &captureFBO);
-        glGenRenderbuffers(1, &captureRBO);
-
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, captureFBO);
-        glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, captureRBO);
-        glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24, m_Width, m_Height);
-        glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, captureRBO);
-
-        uint32_t hdrTexture;
-        glGenTextures(1, &hdrTexture);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, hdrTexture);
-        glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB16F, width, height, 0, GL_RGB, GL_FLOAT, hdrData);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-
-        auto equirectShader = Shader::Create("Assets/Shaders/EquirectToCubemap.glsl");
-        if (!equirectShader)
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Failed to create equirectangular to cubemap shader");
-            return;
-        }
-
-        uint32_t shaderProgram = equirectShader->GetRendererID();
-
-        float vertices[] =
-        {
-            -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,
-            -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,
-             1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
-            -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,
-            -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,
-            -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f
-        };
-
-        uint32_t cubeVAO, cubeVBO;
-        glGenVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
-        glGenBuffers(1, &cubeVBO);
-        glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, cubeVBO);
-        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-        glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
-        glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
-
-        glm::mat4 captureProjection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(90.0f), 1.0f, 0.1f, 10.0f);
-        glm::mat4 captureViews[] =
-        {
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3( 1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3(-1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3( 0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3( 0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3( 0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), glm::vec3( 0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f))
-        };
-
-        glUseProgram(shaderProgram);
-        glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "u_EquirectangularMap"), 0);
-        // EquirectToCubemap is authored in Slang (row-major); transpose glm's
-        // column-major matrices on upload (GL_TRUE) to match.
-        glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "u_Projection"), 1, GL_TRUE, &captureProjection[0][0]);
-        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, hdrTexture);
-
-        glViewport(0, 0, m_Width, m_Height);
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, captureFBO);
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-        {
-            glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "u_View"), 1, GL_TRUE, &captureViews[i][0][0]);
-            glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, m_RendererID, 0);
-            glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
-            glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
-            glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
-        }
-        glBindVertexArray(0);
-        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0);
-
-        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
-        glDeleteBuffers(1, &cubeVBO);
-        glDeleteTextures(1, &hdrTexture);
-        glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &captureFBO);
-        glDeleteRenderbuffers(1, &captureRBO);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLCubemapTexture::SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)
-    {
-        DONUT_WARN("SetData not implemented for cubemaps");
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLCubemapTexture::Bind(uint32_t slot) const
-    {
-        glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + slot);
-        glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLCubemapTexture::BindAsImage(uint32_t slot, bool readOnly) const
-    {
-        if (glBindImageTexture == nullptr)
-            return;
-        GLenum access = readOnly ? GL_READ_ONLY : GL_WRITE_ONLY;
-        glBindImageTexture(slot, m_RendererID, 0, GL_TRUE, 0, access, m_InternalFormat);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 220df09..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLTexture.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/Texture.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLTexture2D 
-        : public Texture2D
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLTexture2D(uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
-        OpenGLTexture2D(const std::string& path);
-        virtual ~OpenGLTexture2D();
-
-        virtual uint32_t GetWidth()      const override { return m_Width; }
-        virtual uint32_t GetHeight()     const override { return m_Height; }
-        virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-        virtual void SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)                          override;
-        virtual void Bind(uint32_t slot = 0)                               const override;
-        virtual void BindAsImage(uint32_t slot = 0, bool readOnly = false) const override;
-
-        virtual bool operator==(const Texture& other) const override
-        {
-            return m_RendererID == other.GetRendererID();
-        }
-
-    private:
-        std::string m_Path;
-        uint32_t    m_Width, m_Height;
-        uint32_t    m_RendererID;
-        GLenum      m_InternalFormat, m_DataFormat;
-    };
-
-    class OpenGLCubemapTexture 
-        : public CubemapTexture
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLCubemapTexture(uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
-        OpenGLCubemapTexture(const std::string& path);
-        virtual ~OpenGLCubemapTexture();
-
-        virtual uint32_t GetWidth()      const override { return m_Width; }
-        virtual uint32_t GetHeight()     const override { return m_Height; }
-        virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-        virtual void SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)                          override;
-        virtual void Bind(uint32_t slot = 0)                               const override;
-        virtual void BindAsImage(uint32_t slot = 0, bool readOnly = false) const override;
-
-        virtual bool operator==(const Texture& other) const override
-        {
-            return m_RendererID == other.GetRendererID();
-        }
-
-    private:
-        void LoadHDRI(const std::string& path);
-        void ConvertEquirectangularToCubemap(float* hdrData, int width, int height);
-
-        std::string m_Path;
-        uint32_t    m_Width, m_Height;
-        uint32_t    m_RendererID;
-        GLenum      m_InternalFormat, m_DataFormat;
-    };
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 631b863..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLUniformBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    OpenGLUniformBuffer::OpenGLUniformBuffer(uint32_t size, uint32_t binding)
-        : m_Size(size), m_Binding(binding)
-    {
-        glGenBuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-        glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glBufferData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, size, nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW);
-        glBindBufferBase(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, binding, m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLUniformBuffer::~OpenGLUniformBuffer()
-    {
-        glDeleteBuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLUniformBuffer::SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size, uint32_t offset)
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glBufferSubData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, offset, size, data);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLUniformBuffer::Bind(uint32_t binding)
-    {
-        glBindBufferBase(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, binding, m_RendererID);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index fd96f37..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLUniformBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/UniformBuffer.h"
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLUniformBuffer : public UniformBuffer
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLUniformBuffer(uint32_t size, uint32_t binding);
-        virtual ~OpenGLUniformBuffer();
-
-        virtual void SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size, uint32_t offset = 0) override;
-        virtual void Bind(uint32_t binding)                                        override;
-    private:
-        uint32_t m_RendererID = 0;
-        uint32_t m_Size       = 0;
-        uint32_t m_Binding    = 0;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index afe5fe2..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-#include "OpenGLVertexArray.h"
-#include "Rendering/VertexBuffer.h"
-#include "Rendering/IndexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    OpenGLVertexArray::OpenGLVertexArray()
-    {
-        // glCreateVertexArrays is 4.5 DSA; macOS caps at 4.1. glGenVertexArrays
-        // reserves the name and the VAO is created on first bind (done below).
-        glGenVertexArrays(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLVertexArray::~OpenGLVertexArray() 
-    {
-        glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexArray::Bind() const 
-    {
-        glBindVertexArray(m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexArray::Unbind() const 
-    {
-        glBindVertexArray(0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexArray::AddVertexBuffer(const Ref<VertexBuffer>& vertexBuffer) 
-    {
-        glBindVertexArray(m_RendererID);
-        vertexBuffer->Bind();
-
-        const auto& layout = vertexBuffer->GetLayout();
-        for (const auto& element : layout.GetElements()) 
-        {
-            glEnableVertexAttribArray(m_VertexBufferIndex);
-            glVertexAttribPointer(m_VertexBufferIndex,
-                element.count,
-                element.type,
-                element.normalized ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE,
-                layout.GetStride(),
-                reinterpret_cast<const   void*>(static_cast<uintptr_t>(element.offset)));
-            m_VertexBufferIndex++;
-        }
-
-        m_VertexBuffers.push_back(vertexBuffer);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexArray::SetIndexBuffer(const Ref<IndexBuffer>& indexBuffer) 
-    {
-        glBindVertexArray(m_RendererID);
-        indexBuffer->Bind();
-        m_IndexBuffer = indexBuffer;
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.h
deleted file mode 100644
index b6ae82f..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexArray.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Core/Memory.h"
-
-#include "Rendering/VertexArray.h"
-#include "Rendering/VertexBuffer.h"
-#include "Rendering/IndexBuffer.h"
-
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLVertexArray 
-        : public VertexArray 
-        {
-    public:
-        OpenGLVertexArray();
-        virtual ~OpenGLVertexArray();
-
-        virtual void Bind() const override;
-        virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-        virtual void AddVertexBuffer(const Ref<VertexBuffer>& vertexBuffer) override;
-        virtual void SetIndexBuffer(const Ref<IndexBuffer>& indexBuffer) override;
-
-        virtual const std::vector<Ref<VertexBuffer>>& GetVertexBuffers() const override 
-        { 
-            return m_VertexBuffers; 
-        }
-        
-        virtual const Ref<IndexBuffer>& GetIndexBuffer() const override 
-        { 
-            return m_IndexBuffer; 
-        }
-    private:
-        uint32_t m_RendererID;
-        uint32_t m_VertexBufferIndex = 0;
-        std::vector<Ref<VertexBuffer>> m_VertexBuffers;
-        Ref<IndexBuffer>               m_IndexBuffer;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f5e48f..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-#include "OpenGLVertexBuffer.h"
-#include "Rendering/VertexBuffer.h"
-
-#include <glad/glad.h>
-
-namespace Donut 
-{
-    OpenGLVertexBuffer::OpenGLVertexBuffer(const void* data, uint32_t size)
-    {
-        glGenBuffers(1, &m_RendererID); // glCreateBuffers is 4.5 DSA; unavailable on macOS 4.1
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, size, data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
-    }
-
-    OpenGLVertexBuffer::~OpenGLVertexBuffer()
-    {
-        glDeleteBuffers(1, &m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexBuffer::Bind() const
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexBuffer::Unbind() const
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
-    }
-
-    void OpenGLVertexBuffer::SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size)
-    {
-        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, m_RendererID);
-        glBufferSubData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, size, data);
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.h b/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 6244f7d..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/OpenGL/OpenGLVertexBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/VertexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class OpenGLVertexBuffer
-        : public VertexBuffer 
-    {
-    public:
-        OpenGLVertexBuffer(const void* data, uint32_t size);
-        virtual ~OpenGLVertexBuffer();
-
-        virtual void Bind()                             const override;
-        virtual void Unbind()                           const override;
-        virtual void SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size) override;
-
-        virtual const VertexBufferLayout& GetLayout()      const override { return m_Layout;   }
-        virtual void SetLayout(const VertexBufferLayout& layout) override { m_Layout = layout; }
-
-    private:
-        uint32_t           m_RendererID;
-        VertexBufferLayout m_Layout;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a67fe8..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,789 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanContext.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-
-#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
-
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
-#include "stb_image_write.h"
-
-#include <vector>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <fstream>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    // Logs and returns false from the enclosing function on any non-success result.
-    #define VK_CHECK(expr)                                                     \
-        do {                                                                   \
-            VkResult _r = (expr);                                              \
-            if (_r != VK_SUCCESS) {                                            \
-                DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: {} failed ({})", #expr, (int)_r);         \
-                return false;                                                  \
-            }                                                                  \
-        } while (0)
-
-    struct VulkanContext::Impl
-    {
-        VkInstance       instance       = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPhysicalDevice physical       = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDevice         device         = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkQueue          graphicsQueue  = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        uint32_t         graphicsFamily = 0;
-        VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProps{};
-
-        uint32_t FindMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags) const
-        {
-            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < memProps.memoryTypeCount; ++i)
-                if ((typeFilter & (1u << i)) &&
-                    (memProps.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & flags) == flags)
-                    return i;
-            return UINT32_MAX;
-        }
-
-        bool CreateBuffer(VkDeviceSize size, VkBufferUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags props,
-                          VkBuffer& buf, VkDeviceMemory& mem) const
-        {
-            VkBufferCreateInfo bci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-            bci.size = size; bci.usage = usage; bci.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
-            if (vkCreateBuffer(device, &bci, nullptr, &buf) != VK_SUCCESS) return false;
-            VkMemoryRequirements req{}; vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, buf, &req);
-            VkMemoryAllocateInfo ai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-            ai.allocationSize = req.size;
-            ai.memoryTypeIndex = FindMemoryType(req.memoryTypeBits, props);
-            if (vkAllocateMemory(device, &ai, nullptr, &mem) != VK_SUCCESS) return false;
-            vkBindBufferMemory(device, buf, mem, 0);
-            return true;
-        }
-    };
-
-    VulkanContext::VulkanContext()  { m_Impl = new Impl(); }
-    VulkanContext::~VulkanContext() { Shutdown(); delete m_Impl; m_Impl = nullptr; }
-
-    bool VulkanContext::Init()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-        // The Homebrew Vulkan loader does not auto-discover MoltenVK or the
-        // validation layers; point it at both unless already configured.
-        if (!getenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES"))
-            setenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES", "/opt/homebrew/etc/vulkan/icd.d/MoltenVK_icd.json", 0);
-        if (!getenv("VK_LAYER_PATH"))
-            setenv("VK_LAYER_PATH", "/opt/homebrew/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d", 0);
-#endif
-
-        // Instance
-        VkApplicationInfo app{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO };
-        app.pApplicationName = "Donut";
-        app.apiVersion       = VK_API_VERSION_1_2;
-
-        // MoltenVK is a portability driver: without the portability-enumeration
-        // extension + flag, vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices returns zero devices.
-        std::vector<const char*> exts = {
-            VK_KHR_PORTABILITY_ENUMERATION_EXTENSION_NAME,
-            VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME,
-        };
-
-        // Enable validation layers when they are installed (optional).
-        std::vector<const char*> layers;
-        uint32_t layerCount = 0;
-        vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layerCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkLayerProperties> avail(layerCount);
-        vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layerCount, avail.data());
-        for (const auto& l : avail)
-            if (std::strcmp(l.layerName, "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation") == 0)
-                layers.push_back("VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation");
-
-        VkInstanceCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.flags                   = VK_INSTANCE_CREATE_ENUMERATE_PORTABILITY_BIT_KHR;
-        ici.pApplicationInfo        = &app;
-        ici.enabledExtensionCount   = (uint32_t)exts.size();
-        ici.ppEnabledExtensionNames = exts.data();
-        ici.enabledLayerCount       = (uint32_t)layers.size();
-        ici.ppEnabledLayerNames     = layers.data();
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateInstance(&ici, nullptr, &v.instance));
-
-        // Physical device
-        uint32_t deviceCount = 0;
-        vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(v.instance, &deviceCount, nullptr);
-        if (deviceCount == 0) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: no physical devices"); return false; }
-        std::vector<VkPhysicalDevice> devices(deviceCount);
-        vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(v.instance, &deviceCount, devices.data());
-        v.physical = devices[0];
-
-        VkPhysicalDeviceProperties props{};
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(v.physical, &props);
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(v.physical, &v.memProps);
-
-        // Graphics queue family
-        uint32_t qCount = 0;
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(v.physical, &qCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> qfams(qCount);
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(v.physical, &qCount, qfams.data());
-        bool found = false;
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < qCount; ++i)
-            if (qfams[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) { v.graphicsFamily = i; found = true; break; }
-        if (!found) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: no graphics queue family"); return false; }
-
-        // Logical device
-        // MoltenVK requires VK_KHR_portability_subset to be enabled if present.
-        std::vector<const char*> devExts;
-        uint32_t devExtCount = 0;
-        vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(v.physical, nullptr, &devExtCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkExtensionProperties> devExtProps(devExtCount);
-        vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(v.physical, nullptr, &devExtCount, devExtProps.data());
-        for (const auto& e : devExtProps)
-            if (std::strcmp(e.extensionName, "VK_KHR_portability_subset") == 0)
-                devExts.push_back("VK_KHR_portability_subset");
-
-        float priority = 1.0f;
-        VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo qci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO };
-        qci.queueFamilyIndex = v.graphicsFamily;
-        qci.queueCount       = 1;
-        qci.pQueuePriorities = &priority;
-
-        VkDeviceCreateInfo dci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO };
-        dci.queueCreateInfoCount    = 1;
-        dci.pQueueCreateInfos       = &qci;
-        dci.enabledExtensionCount   = (uint32_t)devExts.size();
-        dci.ppEnabledExtensionNames = devExts.data();
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDevice(v.physical, &dci, nullptr, &v.device));
-        vkGetDeviceQueue(v.device, v.graphicsFamily, 0, &v.graphicsQueue);
-
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan device: {} (API {}.{}.{}, validation {})",
-                   props.deviceName,
-                   VK_API_VERSION_MAJOR(props.apiVersion),
-                   VK_API_VERSION_MINOR(props.apiVersion),
-                   VK_API_VERSION_PATCH(props.apiVersion),
-                   layers.empty() ? "off" : "on");
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanContext::SelfTestClear()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return false;
-
-        const uint32_t W = 64, H = 64;
-        const VkFormat fmt = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-
-        // Offscreen colour image
-        VkImage image = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory imageMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.imageType   = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
-        ici.format      = fmt;
-        ici.extent      = { W, H, 1 };
-        ici.mipLevels   = 1;
-        ici.arrayLayers = 1;
-        ici.samples     = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        ici.tiling      = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        ici.usage       = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
-        ici.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(v.device, &ici, nullptr, &image));
-
-        VkMemoryRequirements imReq{};
-        vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(v.device, image, &imReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo imAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        imAlloc.allocationSize  = imReq.size;
-        imAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(imReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &imAlloc, nullptr, &imageMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(v.device, image, imageMem, 0));
-
-        VkImageView view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        vci.image    = image;
-        vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
-        vci.format   = fmt;
-        vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(v.device, &vci, nullptr, &view));
-
-        // Render pass (clear -> store, leave in TRANSFER_SRC for readback)
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format         = fmt;
-        color.samples        = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp         = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
-        color.storeOp        = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp  = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout  = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
-        color.finalLayout    = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;
-
-        VkAttachmentReference colorRef{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{};
-        subpass.pipelineBindPoint    = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
-        subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
-        subpass.pColorAttachments    = &colorRef;
-
-        // Ensure colour writes finish before the read-back copy.
-        VkSubpassDependency dep{};
-        dep.srcSubpass    = 0;
-        dep.dstSubpass    = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        dep.srcStageMask  = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
-        dep.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        dep.dstStageMask  = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT;
-        dep.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
-
-        VkRenderPass renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color;
-        rpci.subpassCount    = 1; rpci.pSubpasses   = &subpass;
-        rpci.dependencyCount = 1; rpci.pDependencies = &dep;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(v.device, &rpci, nullptr, &renderPass));
-
-        VkFramebuffer fb = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        fbci.renderPass = renderPass;
-        fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &view;
-        fbci.width = W; fbci.height = H; fbci.layers = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(v.device, &fbci, nullptr, &fb));
-
-        // Host-visible staging buffer for read-back
-        VkBuffer staging = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory stagingMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkBufferCreateInfo bci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        bci.size  = (VkDeviceSize)W * H * 4;
-        bci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
-        bci.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateBuffer(v.device, &bci, nullptr, &staging));
-        VkMemoryRequirements bReq{};
-        vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(v.device, staging, &bReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo bAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        bAlloc.allocationSize  = bReq.size;
-        bAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(bReq.memoryTypeBits,
-            VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &bAlloc, nullptr, &stagingMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindBufferMemory(v.device, staging, stagingMem, 0));
-
-        // Command buffer: clear via render pass, then copy image -> buffer
-        VkCommandPool pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandPoolCreateInfo pci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        pci.queueFamilyIndex = v.graphicsFamily;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateCommandPool(v.device, &pci, nullptr, &pool));
-
-        VkCommandBuffer cmd = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cbai.commandPool = pool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(v.device, &cbai, &cmd));
-
-        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO };
-        begin.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &begin));
-
-        VkClearValue clear{};
-        clear.color = { { 0.2f, 0.4f, 0.8f, 1.0f } };   // -> RGBA8 (51, 102, 204, 255)
-        VkRenderPassBeginInfo rpbi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-        rpbi.renderPass = renderPass; rpbi.framebuffer = fb;
-        rpbi.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, { W, H } };
-        rpbi.clearValueCount = 1; rpbi.pClearValues = &clear;
-        vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &rpbi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-        vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-
-        VkBufferImageCopy region{};
-        region.imageSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1 };
-        region.imageExtent      = { W, H, 1 };
-        vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer(cmd, image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL, staging, 1, &region);
-        VK_CHECK(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
-
-        VkFence fence = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFenceCreateInfo fci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFence(v.device, &fci, nullptr, &fence));
-        VkSubmitInfo submit{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO };
-        submit.commandBufferCount = 1; submit.pCommandBuffers = &cmd;
-        VK_CHECK(vkQueueSubmit(v.graphicsQueue, 1, &submit, fence));
-        VK_CHECK(vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &fence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX));
-
-        // Read back + verify
-        void* mapped = nullptr;
-        VK_CHECK(vkMapMemory(v.device, stagingMem, 0, bci.size, 0, &mapped));
-        const uint8_t* px = (const uint8_t*)mapped;
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan clear self-test: pixel RGBA = ({}, {}, {}, {})",
-                   (int)px[0], (int)px[1], (int)px[2], (int)px[3]);
-        bool ok = px[0] > 45 && px[0] < 60 && px[1] > 95 && px[1] < 110 &&
-                  px[2] > 195 && px[2] < 210 && px[3] == 255;
-        vkUnmapMemory(v.device, stagingMem);
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan clear self-test: {}", ok ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
-
-        // Cleanup
-        vkDestroyFence(v.device, fence, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyCommandPool(v.device, pool, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, staging, nullptr);
-        vkFreeMemory(v.device, stagingMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyFramebuffer(v.device, fb, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyRenderPass(v.device, renderPass, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImageView(v.device, view, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImage(v.device, image, nullptr);
-        vkFreeMemory(v.device, imageMem, nullptr);
-        return ok;
-    }
-
-    static std::vector<uint32_t> LoadSpirv(const std::string& path)
-    {
-        std::ifstream f(path, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
-        if (!f) return {};
-        size_t size = (size_t)f.tellg();
-        std::vector<uint32_t> data(size / 4);
-        f.seekg(0);
-        f.read((char*)data.data(), (std::streamsize)size);
-        return data;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanContext::SelfTestTriangle()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return false;
-
-        const uint32_t W = 64, H = 64;
-        const VkFormat fmt = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-
-        // Offscreen image + view (as in the clear test)
-        VkImage image = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory imageMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; ici.format = fmt; ici.extent = { W, H, 1 };
-        ici.mipLevels = 1; ici.arrayLayers = 1; ici.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        ici.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        ici.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(v.device, &ici, nullptr, &image));
-        VkMemoryRequirements imReq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(v.device, image, &imReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo imAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        imAlloc.allocationSize = imReq.size;
-        imAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(imReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &imAlloc, nullptr, &imageMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(v.device, image, imageMem, 0));
-        VkImageView view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        vci.image = image; vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; vci.format = fmt;
-        vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(v.device, &vci, nullptr, &view));
-
-        // Render pass + framebuffer
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format = fmt; color.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; color.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; color.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;
-        VkAttachmentReference colorRef{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{};
-        subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
-        subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &colorRef;
-        VkSubpassDependency dep{};
-        dep.srcSubpass = 0; dep.dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        dep.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; dep.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        dep.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT; dep.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
-        VkRenderPass renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color;
-        rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass;
-        rpci.dependencyCount = 1; rpci.pDependencies = &dep;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(v.device, &rpci, nullptr, &renderPass));
-        VkFramebuffer fb = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        fbci.renderPass = renderPass; fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &view;
-        fbci.width = W; fbci.height = H; fbci.layers = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(v.device, &fbci, nullptr, &fb));
-
-        // Shader modules from Slang SPIR-V
-        auto vspv = LoadSpirv("Assets/Shaders/generated/VkPipelineTest.vertexMain.spv");
-        auto fspv = LoadSpirv("Assets/Shaders/generated/VkPipelineTest.fragmentMain.spv");
-        if (vspv.empty() || fspv.empty()) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: VkPipelineTest SPIR-V not found"); return false; }
-        VkShaderModule vmod = VK_NULL_HANDLE, fmod = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkShaderModuleCreateInfo smci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO };
-        smci.codeSize = vspv.size() * 4; smci.pCode = vspv.data();
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateShaderModule(v.device, &smci, nullptr, &vmod));
-        smci.codeSize = fspv.size() * 4; smci.pCode = fspv.data();
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateShaderModule(v.device, &smci, nullptr, &fmod));
-
-        // Graphics pipeline
-        VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo stages[2]{};
-        stages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
-        stages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;   stages[0].module = vmod; stages[0].pName = "main";
-        stages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO;
-        stages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; stages[1].module = fmod; stages[1].pName = "main";
-
-        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
-        VkViewport vp{ 0, 0, (float)W, (float)H, 0, 1 };
-        VkRect2D scissor{ { 0, 0 }, { W, H } };
-        VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vps{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        vps.viewportCount = 1; vps.pViewports = &vp; vps.scissorCount = 1; vps.pScissors = &scissor;
-        VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE; rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE; rs.lineWidth = 1.0f;
-        VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState cba{};
-        cba.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        cb.attachmentCount = 1; cb.pAttachments = &cba;
-
-        VkPipelineLayout layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo plci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreatePipelineLayout(v.device, &plci, nullptr, &layout));
-
-        VkPipeline pipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo gpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO };
-        gpci.stageCount = 2; gpci.pStages = stages;
-        gpci.pVertexInputState = &vin; gpci.pInputAssemblyState = &ia;
-        gpci.pViewportState = &vps; gpci.pRasterizationState = &rs;
-        gpci.pMultisampleState = &ms; gpci.pColorBlendState = &cb;
-        gpci.layout = layout; gpci.renderPass = renderPass; gpci.subpass = 0;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(v.device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &gpci, nullptr, &pipeline));
-
-        // Readback staging buffer
-        VkBuffer staging = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory stagingMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkBufferCreateInfo bci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        bci.size = (VkDeviceSize)W * H * 4; bci.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateBuffer(v.device, &bci, nullptr, &staging));
-        VkMemoryRequirements bReq{}; vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(v.device, staging, &bReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo bAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        bAlloc.allocationSize = bReq.size;
-        bAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(bReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &bAlloc, nullptr, &stagingMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindBufferMemory(v.device, staging, stagingMem, 0));
-
-        // Record + submit
-        VkCommandPool pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandPoolCreateInfo pci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        pci.queueFamilyIndex = v.graphicsFamily;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateCommandPool(v.device, &pci, nullptr, &pool));
-        VkCommandBuffer cmd = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cbai.commandPool = pool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(v.device, &cbai, &cmd));
-        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO };
-        begin.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &begin));
-        VkClearValue clear{}; clear.color = { { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f } };
-        VkRenderPassBeginInfo rpbi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-        rpbi.renderPass = renderPass; rpbi.framebuffer = fb;
-        rpbi.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, { W, H } };
-        rpbi.clearValueCount = 1; rpbi.pClearValues = &clear;
-        vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &rpbi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-        vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
-        vkCmdDraw(cmd, 3, 1, 0, 0);
-        vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-        VkBufferImageCopy region{};
-        region.imageSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1 };
-        region.imageExtent = { W, H, 1 };
-        vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer(cmd, image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL, staging, 1, &region);
-        VK_CHECK(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
-
-        VkFence fence = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFenceCreateInfo fci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFence(v.device, &fci, nullptr, &fence));
-        VkSubmitInfo submit{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO };
-        submit.commandBufferCount = 1; submit.pCommandBuffers = &cmd;
-        VK_CHECK(vkQueueSubmit(v.graphicsQueue, 1, &submit, fence));
-        VK_CHECK(vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &fence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX));
-
-        // Verify: centre pixel should be the mid-gradient (not black)
-        void* mapped = nullptr;
-        VK_CHECK(vkMapMemory(v.device, stagingMem, 0, bci.size, 0, &mapped));
-        const uint8_t* px = (const uint8_t*)mapped;
-        size_t c = ((size_t)(H / 2) * W + (W / 2)) * 4;
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan triangle self-test: centre pixel RGBA = ({}, {}, {}, {})",
-                   (int)px[c + 0], (int)px[c + 1], (int)px[c + 2], (int)px[c + 3]);
-        bool ok = (px[c + 0] > 40 || px[c + 1] > 40) && px[c + 3] == 255;
-        vkUnmapMemory(v.device, stagingMem);
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan triangle self-test: {}", ok ? "PASS" : "FAIL");
-
-        // Cleanup
-        vkDestroyFence(v.device, fence, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyCommandPool(v.device, pool, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, staging, nullptr);
-        vkFreeMemory(v.device, stagingMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyPipeline(v.device, pipeline, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyPipelineLayout(v.device, layout, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(v.device, vmod, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(v.device, fmod, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyFramebuffer(v.device, fb, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyRenderPass(v.device, renderPass, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImageView(v.device, view, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImage(v.device, image, nullptr);
-        vkFreeMemory(v.device, imageMem, nullptr);
-        return ok;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanContext::RenderGeodesic(const char* pngPath)
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return false;
-
-        const uint32_t W = 384, H = 216;
-        const VkFormat fmt = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-        const float SagA_rs = 1.269e10f;
-
-        // Offscreen colour target
-        VkImage image = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory imageMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; ici.format = fmt; ici.extent = { W, H, 1 };
-        ici.mipLevels = 1; ici.arrayLayers = 1; ici.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        ici.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        ici.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(v.device, &ici, nullptr, &image));
-        VkMemoryRequirements imReq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(v.device, image, &imReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo imAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        imAlloc.allocationSize = imReq.size;
-        imAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(imReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &imAlloc, nullptr, &imageMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(v.device, image, imageMem, 0));
-        VkImageView view = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        vci.image = image; vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; vci.format = fmt;
-        vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(v.device, &vci, nullptr, &view));
-
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format = fmt; color.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; color.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; color.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;
-        VkAttachmentReference colorRef{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{}; subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
-        subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &colorRef;
-        VkSubpassDependency dep{};
-        dep.srcSubpass = 0; dep.dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        dep.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; dep.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        dep.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT; dep.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
-        VkRenderPass renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color;
-        rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass;
-        rpci.dependencyCount = 1; rpci.pDependencies = &dep;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(v.device, &rpci, nullptr, &renderPass));
-        VkFramebuffer fb = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        fbci.renderPass = renderPass; fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &view;
-        fbci.width = W; fbci.height = H; fbci.layers = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(v.device, &fbci, nullptr, &fb));
-
-        // Uniform buffers (host-visible), filled to match the shader's std140 layout
-        const VkMemoryPropertyFlags hostVis = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-        VkBuffer camBuf, diskBuf, objBuf, simBuf;
-        VkDeviceMemory camMem, diskMem, objMem, simMem;
-        v.CreateBuffer(128, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, camBuf, camMem);
-        v.CreateBuffer(32,  VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, diskBuf, diskMem);
-        v.CreateBuffer(800, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, objBuf, objMem);
-        v.CreateBuffer(16,  VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, simBuf, simMem);
-
-        struct CamUBO {
-            glm::vec3 pos; float p0; glm::vec3 right; float p1;
-            glm::vec3 up; float p2; glm::vec3 fwd; float p3;
-            float tanHalfFov; float aspect; uint32_t moving; int p4;
-        } cam{};
-        glm::vec3 camPos(1e11f, 0.32e11f, 0.0f);
-        glm::vec3 fwd = glm::normalize(glm::vec3(0.0f) - camPos);
-        glm::vec3 right = glm::normalize(glm::cross(fwd, glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)));
-        glm::vec3 up = glm::cross(right, fwd);
-        cam.pos = camPos; cam.right = right; cam.up = up; cam.fwd = fwd;
-        cam.tanHalfFov = 0.57735f; cam.aspect = (float)W / (float)H; cam.moving = 0;
-        void* p = nullptr;
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, camMem, 0, 128, 0, &p); memcpy(p, &cam, sizeof(cam)); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, camMem);
-
-        float disk[8] = { SagA_rs * 2.2f, SagA_rs * 5.2f, 2.0f, SagA_rs * 0.1f, 0.1f, 0, 0, 0 };
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, diskMem, 0, 32, 0, &p); memcpy(p, disk, sizeof(disk)); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, diskMem);
-
-        std::vector<uint8_t> objData(800, 0);
-        int numObjects = 1; memcpy(objData.data(), &numObjects, 4);
-        float posRadius[4] = { 0, 0, 0, SagA_rs }; memcpy(objData.data() + 16, posRadius, 16);
-        float objColor[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 1 };        memcpy(objData.data() + 272, objColor, 16);
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, objMem, 0, 800, 0, &p); memcpy(p, objData.data(), 800); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, objMem);
-
-        struct SimUBO { int stepsMoving; int stepsStatic; float earlyExit; float time; } sim{ 6000, 6000, 5e12f, 0.0f };
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, simMem, 0, 16, 0, &p); memcpy(p, &sim, sizeof(sim)); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, simMem);
-
-        // Dark cubemap (stands in for the HDRI for now)
-        VkImage cube = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory cubeMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageCreateInfo cci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        cci.flags = VK_IMAGE_CREATE_CUBE_COMPATIBLE_BIT;
-        cci.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; cci.format = fmt; cci.extent = { 1, 1, 1 };
-        cci.mipLevels = 1; cci.arrayLayers = 6; cci.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        cci.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        cci.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(v.device, &cci, nullptr, &cube));
-        VkMemoryRequirements cubeReq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(v.device, cube, &cubeReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo cubeAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cubeAlloc.allocationSize = cubeReq.size;
-        cubeAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = v.FindMemoryType(cubeReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(v.device, &cubeAlloc, nullptr, &cubeMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(v.device, cube, cubeMem, 0));
-        VkImageView cubeView = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo cvci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        cvci.image = cube; cvci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE; cvci.format = fmt;
-        cvci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 6 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(v.device, &cvci, nullptr, &cubeView));
-        VkSampler sampler = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkSamplerCreateInfo smci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO };
-        smci.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; smci.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        smci.addressModeU = smci.addressModeV = smci.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateSampler(v.device, &smci, nullptr, &sampler));
-
-        VkBuffer cubeStaging; VkDeviceMemory cubeStagingMem;
-        v.CreateBuffer(6 * 4, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, hostVis, cubeStaging, cubeStagingMem);
-        uint8_t cubePixels[6 * 4];
-        for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { cubePixels[i * 4 + 0] = 6; cubePixels[i * 4 + 1] = 6; cubePixels[i * 4 + 2] = 14; cubePixels[i * 4 + 3] = 255; }
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, cubeStagingMem, 0, 24, 0, &p); memcpy(p, cubePixels, 24); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, cubeStagingMem);
-
-        // Descriptor set: 4 UBOs (bindings 0-3) + cubemap sampler (binding 4)
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding binds[5]{};
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { binds[i].binding = i; binds[i].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; binds[i].descriptorCount = 1; binds[i].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; }
-        binds[4].binding = 4; binds[4].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; binds[4].descriptorCount = 1; binds[4].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayout setLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo dslci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        dslci.bindingCount = 5; dslci.pBindings = binds;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(v.device, &dslci, nullptr, &setLayout));
-        VkDescriptorPoolSize psizes[2] = { { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 4 }, { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1 } };
-        VkDescriptorPool pool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        dpci.maxSets = 1; dpci.poolSizeCount = 2; dpci.pPoolSizes = psizes;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(v.device, &dpci, nullptr, &pool));
-        VkDescriptorSet set = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo dsai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        dsai.descriptorPool = pool; dsai.descriptorSetCount = 1; dsai.pSetLayouts = &setLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(v.device, &dsai, &set));
-
-        // Load geodesic SPIR-V + build the pipeline
-        auto vspv = LoadSpirv("Assets/Shaders/generated/Geodesic.vertexMain.spv");
-        auto fspv = LoadSpirv("Assets/Shaders/generated/Geodesic.fragmentMain.spv");
-        if (vspv.empty() || fspv.empty()) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: geodesic SPIR-V not found"); return false; }
-        VkShaderModule vmod, fmod;
-        VkShaderModuleCreateInfo smci2{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO };
-        smci2.codeSize = vspv.size() * 4; smci2.pCode = vspv.data(); VK_CHECK(vkCreateShaderModule(v.device, &smci2, nullptr, &vmod));
-        smci2.codeSize = fspv.size() * 4; smci2.pCode = fspv.data(); VK_CHECK(vkCreateShaderModule(v.device, &smci2, nullptr, &fmod));
-
-        VkPipelineLayout layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo plci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        plci.setLayoutCount = 1; plci.pSetLayouts = &setLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreatePipelineLayout(v.device, &plci, nullptr, &layout));
-
-        VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo stages[2]{};
-        stages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;   stages[0].module = vmod; stages[0].pName = "main";
-        stages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; stages[1].module = fmod; stages[1].pName = "main";
-        VkVertexInputBindingDescription vib{ 0, 16, VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX };
-        VkVertexInputAttributeDescription via[2] = { { 0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 0 }, { 1, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 8 } };
-        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        vin.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1; vin.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &vib;
-        vin.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 2; vin.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = via;
-        VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
-        VkViewport vp{ 0, 0, (float)W, (float)H, 0, 1 }; VkRect2D sc{ { 0, 0 }, { W, H } };
-        VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vps{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; vps.viewportCount = 1; vps.pViewports = &vp; vps.scissorCount = 1; vps.pScissors = &sc;
-        VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE; rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE; rs.lineWidth = 1.0f;
-        VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState cba{}; cba.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; cb.attachmentCount = 1; cb.pAttachments = &cba;
-        VkPipeline pipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo gpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO };
-        gpci.stageCount = 2; gpci.pStages = stages;
-        gpci.pVertexInputState = &vin; gpci.pInputAssemblyState = &ia; gpci.pViewportState = &vps;
-        gpci.pRasterizationState = &rs; gpci.pMultisampleState = &ms; gpci.pColorBlendState = &cb;
-        gpci.layout = layout; gpci.renderPass = renderPass; gpci.subpass = 0;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(v.device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &gpci, nullptr, &pipeline));
-
-        // Fullscreen quad (position.xy, texcoord.uv)
-        float quad[] = {
-            -1.f,  1.f, 0.f, 1.f,  -1.f, -1.f, 0.f, 0.f,   1.f, -1.f, 1.f, 0.f,
-            -1.f,  1.f, 0.f, 1.f,   1.f, -1.f, 1.f, 0.f,   1.f,  1.f, 1.f, 1.f,
-        };
-        VkBuffer vbuf; VkDeviceMemory vbufMem;
-        v.CreateBuffer(sizeof(quad), VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, vbuf, vbufMem);
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, vbufMem, 0, sizeof(quad), 0, &p); memcpy(p, quad, sizeof(quad)); vkUnmapMemory(v.device, vbufMem);
-
-        // Write the descriptor set
-        VkDescriptorBufferInfo bi[4] = {
-            { camBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { diskBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { objBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { simBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE } };
-        VkDescriptorImageInfo ii{ sampler, cubeView, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL };
-        VkWriteDescriptorSet writes[5]{};
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { writes[i].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; writes[i].dstSet = set; writes[i].dstBinding = i; writes[i].descriptorCount = 1; writes[i].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; writes[i].pBufferInfo = &bi[i]; }
-        writes[4].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; writes[4].dstSet = set; writes[4].dstBinding = 4; writes[4].descriptorCount = 1; writes[4].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; writes[4].pImageInfo = &ii;
-        vkUpdateDescriptorSets(v.device, 5, writes, 0, nullptr);
-
-        VkBuffer readback; VkDeviceMemory readbackMem;
-        v.CreateBuffer((VkDeviceSize)W * H * 4, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, hostVis, readback, readbackMem);
-
-        // Record + submit
-        VkCommandPool cpool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandPoolCreateInfo pci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO }; pci.queueFamilyIndex = v.graphicsFamily;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateCommandPool(v.device, &pci, nullptr, &cpool));
-        VkCommandBuffer cmd = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO }; cbai.commandPool = cpool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(v.device, &cbai, &cmd));
-        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO }; begin.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &begin));
-
-        VkImageMemoryBarrier toDst{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER };
-        toDst.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; toDst.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
-        toDst.image = cube; toDst.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 6 };
-        toDst.srcAccessMask = 0; toDst.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
-        vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &toDst);
-        VkBufferImageCopy cubeCopy{}; cubeCopy.imageSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 6 }; cubeCopy.imageExtent = { 1, 1, 1 };
-        vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(cmd, cubeStaging, cube, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, 1, &cubeCopy);
-        VkImageMemoryBarrier toRead = toDst;
-        toRead.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL; toRead.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
-        toRead.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT; toRead.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-        vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &toRead);
-
-        VkClearValue clear{}; clear.color = { { 0, 0, 0, 1 } };
-        VkRenderPassBeginInfo rpbi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-        rpbi.renderPass = renderPass; rpbi.framebuffer = fb; rpbi.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, { W, H } };
-        rpbi.clearValueCount = 1; rpbi.pClearValues = &clear;
-        vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &rpbi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-        vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
-        vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, layout, 0, 1, &set, 0, nullptr);
-        VkDeviceSize voff = 0; vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd, 0, 1, &vbuf, &voff);
-        vkCmdDraw(cmd, 6, 1, 0, 0);
-        vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-        VkBufferImageCopy region{}; region.imageSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1 }; region.imageExtent = { W, H, 1 };
-        vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer(cmd, image, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL, readback, 1, &region);
-        VK_CHECK(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
-
-        VkFence fence = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkFenceCreateInfo fci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFence(v.device, &fci, nullptr, &fence));
-        VkSubmitInfo submit{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO }; submit.commandBufferCount = 1; submit.pCommandBuffers = &cmd;
-        VK_CHECK(vkQueueSubmit(v.graphicsQueue, 1, &submit, fence));
-        VK_CHECK(vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &fence, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX));
-
-        vkMapMemory(v.device, readbackMem, 0, (VkDeviceSize)W * H * 4, 0, &p);
-        stbi_write_png(pngPath, W, H, 4, p, W * 4);
-        vkUnmapMemory(v.device, readbackMem);
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan geodesic render written to {}", pngPath);
-
-        vkDestroyFence(v.device, fence, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyCommandPool(v.device, cpool, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, readback, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, readbackMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, vbuf, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, vbufMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyPipeline(v.device, pipeline, nullptr); vkDestroyPipelineLayout(v.device, layout, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(v.device, vmod, nullptr); vkDestroyShaderModule(v.device, fmod, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyDescriptorPool(v.device, pool, nullptr); vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(v.device, setLayout, nullptr);
-        vkDestroySampler(v.device, sampler, nullptr); vkDestroyImageView(v.device, cubeView, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImage(v.device, cube, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, cubeMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, cubeStaging, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, cubeStagingMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, camBuf, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, camMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, diskBuf, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, diskMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, objBuf, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, objMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(v.device, simBuf, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, simMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyFramebuffer(v.device, fb, nullptr); vkDestroyRenderPass(v.device, renderPass, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImageView(v.device, view, nullptr); vkDestroyImage(v.device, image, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(v.device, imageMem, nullptr);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanContext::Shutdown()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device)   { vkDestroyDevice(v.device, nullptr);   v.device = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-        if (v.instance) { vkDestroyInstance(v.instance, nullptr); v.instance = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanSelfTest()
-    {
-        VulkanContext ctx;
-        if (!ctx.Init())
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: initialization failed");
-            return false;
-        }
-        bool ok = ctx.SelfTestClear();
-        ok = ctx.SelfTestTriangle() && ok;
-        ctx.Shutdown();
-        return ok;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 71bceda..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanContext.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-// Pure-C++ interface to the Vulkan backend (no vulkan.h leaks into the rest of
-// the engine; the implementation lives in VulkanContext.cpp). On macOS Vulkan
-// runs through MoltenVK (Vulkan -> Metal).
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class VulkanContext
-    {
-    public:
-        VulkanContext();
-        ~VulkanContext();
-
-        // Creates the instance, picks a physical device, and creates the logical
-        // device + graphics queue. Returns false (and logs) on failure.
-        bool Init();
-        void Shutdown();
-
-        // Phase 1 verification: renders a known clear colour into an offscreen
-        // image and reads it back, confirming instance -> device -> render pass
-        // -> command buffer -> submit -> read-back all work end to end.
-        bool SelfTestClear();
-
-        // Phase 2/3 verification: builds a graphics pipeline from Slang-compiled
-        // SPIR-V and draws a full-screen gradient triangle into the offscreen
-        // image, confirming the SPIR-V -> pipeline -> draw path works.
-        bool SelfTestTriangle();
-
-        // B-3: renders the geodesic (black hole) fragment shader through Vulkan
-        // into an offscreen image and writes it to pngPath. Exercises UBOs,
-        // descriptor sets, a cubemap sampler and the geodesic pipeline.
-        bool RenderGeodesic(const char* pngPath);
-
-    private:
-        struct Impl;
-        Impl* m_Impl = nullptr;
-    };
-
-    // Convenience one-shot: Init() + SelfTestClear() + Shutdown(). Logs results.
-    bool VulkanSelfTest();
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 930401e..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanIndexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	VulkanIndexBuffer::VulkanIndexBuffer(uint32_t* indices, uint32_t count)
-		: m_Count(count)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan index buffer creation
-	}
-
-	VulkanIndexBuffer::~VulkanIndexBuffer()
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan index buffer cleanup
-	}
-
-	void VulkanIndexBuffer::Bind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan index buffer binding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanIndexBuffer::Unbind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan index buffer unbinding
-	}
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 74e69cf..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanIndexBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/IndexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut 
-{
-	class VulkanIndexBuffer 
-		: public IndexBuffer
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanIndexBuffer(uint32_t* indices, uint32_t count);
-		virtual ~VulkanIndexBuffer();
-
-		virtual void Bind()   const override;
-		virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-		virtual uint32_t GetCount() const override { return m_Count; }
-	private:
-		uint32_t m_RendererID;
-		uint32_t m_Count;
-	};
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index eb92695..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1235 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanRenderer.h"
-#include "Core/Log.h"
-#include "Core/Camera.h"
-
-#define GLFW_INCLUDE_VULKAN
-#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
-
-#include <imgui.h>
-#include <imgui_impl_glfw.h>
-#include <imgui_impl_vulkan.h>
-
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
-#include "stb_image.h"
-
-#include <vector>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <fstream>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    #define VK_CHECK(expr)                                                     \
-        do {                                                                   \
-            VkResult _r = (expr);                                              \
-            if (_r != VK_SUCCESS) {                                            \
-                DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: {} failed ({})", #expr, (int)_r);         \
-                return false;                                                  \
-            }                                                                  \
-        } while (0)
-
-    static constexpr int MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT = 2;
-
-    void VulkanPrepareGLFW()
-    {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-        if (!getenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES"))
-            setenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES", "/opt/homebrew/etc/vulkan/icd.d/MoltenVK_icd.json", 0);
-        if (!getenv("VK_LAYER_PATH"))
-            setenv("VK_LAYER_PATH", "/opt/homebrew/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d", 0);
-        if (!getenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"))
-            setenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", "/opt/homebrew/lib", 0);
-#endif
-        // GLFW dlopen's the Vulkan loader by bare name, which fails on
-        // macOS/Homebrew; hand it the loader entry point we already link against.
-        glfwInitVulkanLoader(vkGetInstanceProcAddr);
-    }
-
-    struct VulkanRenderer::Impl
-    {
-        GLFWwindow* window = nullptr;
-        int width = 0, height = 0;
-        bool framebufferResized = false;
-
-        VkInstance       instance = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkSurfaceKHR     surface  = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPhysicalDevice physical = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDevice         device   = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        uint32_t         graphicsFamily = 0, presentFamily = 0;
-        VkQueue          graphicsQueue = VK_NULL_HANDLE, presentQueue = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-
-        VkSwapchainKHR   swapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFormat         swapchainFormat = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
-        VkExtent2D       swapchainExtent{};
-        std::vector<VkImage>       images;
-        std::vector<VkImageView>   imageViews;
-        VkRenderPass               renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        std::vector<VkFramebuffer> framebuffers;
-
-        VkCommandPool                commandPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        std::vector<VkCommandBuffer> commandBuffers;   // MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT
-
-        std::vector<VkSemaphore> imageAvailable;        // per frame in flight
-        std::vector<VkSemaphore> renderFinished;        // per swapchain image
-        std::vector<VkFence>     inFlight;              // per frame in flight
-        std::vector<VkFence>     imagesInFlight;        // per swapchain image
-        uint32_t currentFrame = 0;
-
-        VkDescriptorPool imguiPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        bool imguiInit = false;
-
-        VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProps{};
-
-        // Geodesic scene, rendered every frame into a fixed low-resolution
-        // offscreen image (keeps each draw well under the Metal GPU watchdog),
-        // then upscaled onto the swapchain by the present pass below.
-        static constexpr uint32_t GEO_W = 480, GEO_H = 270;
-        VkImage       geoImage     = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDeviceMemory geoImageMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageView   geoImageView = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkRenderPass  geoRenderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkFramebuffer geoFramebuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkBuffer camBuf = VK_NULL_HANDLE, diskBuf = VK_NULL_HANDLE, objBuf = VK_NULL_HANDLE, simBuf = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDeviceMemory camMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE, diskMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE, objMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE, simMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        void* camMapped = nullptr;
-        void* simMapped = nullptr;
-        Camera camera{ 60.0f, (float)GEO_W / (float)GEO_H, 0.1f, 100.0f };
-        bool leftWasDown = false;
-        VkImage cubeImage = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory cubeMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkImageView cubeView = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkSampler cubeSampler = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayout geoSetLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorPool geoPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSet geoSet = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipelineLayout geoPipelineLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipeline geoPipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkBuffer quadVB = VK_NULL_HANDLE; VkDeviceMemory quadVBMem = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        double startTime = 0.0;
-        VkFence geoInUse = VK_NULL_HANDLE;  // previous frame's fence; guards the shared geodesic image
-
-        // Present pass: samples the geodesic image with a full-screen textured
-        // quad, drawn into the swapchain render pass just before the ImGui UI.
-        VkSampler presentSampler = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayout presentSetLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorPool presentPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkDescriptorSet presentSet = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipelineLayout presentPipelineLayout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        VkPipeline presentPipeline = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-
-        uint32_t FindMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags) const;
-        bool CreateBuffer(VkDeviceSize size, VkBufferUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags props, VkBuffer& buf, VkDeviceMemory& mem) const;
-        static std::vector<uint32_t> LoadSpirv(const std::string& path);
-        bool CreateShaderModule(const std::string& path, VkShaderModule& out) const;
-
-        bool CreateInstance();
-        bool PickPhysicalAndDevice();
-        bool CreateSwapchain();
-        bool CreateImageViews();
-        bool CreateRenderPass();
-        bool CreateFramebuffers();
-        bool CreateCommandBuffers();
-        bool CreateSyncObjects();
-        bool CreateGeodesicResources();
-        bool CreateHDRICubemap(const char* path);
-        bool CreatePresentResources();
-        void ProcessInput();
-        void UpdateGeodesicUniforms();
-        void DestroyGeodesicResources();
-        bool RecreateSwapchain();
-        void CleanupSwapchain();
-        bool RecordCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer cmd, uint32_t imageIndex, const glm::vec4& clear, ImDrawData* drawData);
-    };
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateInstance()
-    {
-#ifdef __APPLE__
-        if (!getenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES"))
-            setenv("VK_ICD_FILENAMES", "/opt/homebrew/etc/vulkan/icd.d/MoltenVK_icd.json", 0);
-        if (!getenv("VK_LAYER_PATH"))
-            setenv("VK_LAYER_PATH", "/opt/homebrew/share/vulkan/explicit_layer.d", 0);
-        // The Homebrew validation-layer manifest names the dylib without a path;
-        // let dlopen find it in the Homebrew lib dir.
-        if (!getenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"))
-            setenv("DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH", "/opt/homebrew/lib", 0);
-#endif
-        VkApplicationInfo app{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO };
-        app.pApplicationName = "Donut";
-        app.apiVersion       = VK_API_VERSION_1_2;
-
-        uint32_t glfwExtCount = 0;
-        const char** glfwExts = glfwGetRequiredInstanceExtensions(&glfwExtCount);
-        if (!glfwExts) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: GLFW reports no surface support"); return false; }
-        std::vector<const char*> exts;
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < glfwExtCount; ++i) exts.push_back(glfwExts[i]);
-        exts.push_back(VK_KHR_PORTABILITY_ENUMERATION_EXTENSION_NAME);
-        exts.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
-
-        std::vector<const char*> layers;
-        uint32_t layerCount = 0;
-        vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layerCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkLayerProperties> avail(layerCount);
-        vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layerCount, avail.data());
-        for (const auto& l : avail)
-            if (std::strcmp(l.layerName, "VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation") == 0)
-                layers.push_back("VK_LAYER_KHRONOS_validation");
-
-        VkInstanceCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.flags                   = VK_INSTANCE_CREATE_ENUMERATE_PORTABILITY_BIT_KHR;
-        ici.pApplicationInfo        = &app;
-        ici.enabledExtensionCount   = (uint32_t)exts.size();
-        ici.ppEnabledExtensionNames = exts.data();
-        ici.enabledLayerCount       = (uint32_t)layers.size();
-        ici.ppEnabledLayerNames     = layers.data();
-
-        VkResult r = vkCreateInstance(&ici, nullptr, &instance);
-        if (r != VK_SUCCESS && !layers.empty())
-        {
-            // The validation layer failed to load (its dylib isn't on the loader
-            // search path); it is optional, so retry without it.
-            DONUT_WARN("Vulkan: validation layer unavailable, continuing without it");
-            layers.clear();
-            ici.enabledLayerCount = 0;
-            ici.ppEnabledLayerNames = nullptr;
-            r = vkCreateInstance(&ici, nullptr, &instance);
-        }
-        if (r != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: vkCreateInstance failed ({})", (int)r); return false; }
-
-        VK_CHECK(glfwCreateWindowSurface(instance, window, nullptr, &surface));
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan: instance + surface created (validation {})", layers.empty() ? "off" : "on");
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::PickPhysicalAndDevice()
-    {
-        uint32_t count = 0;
-        vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &count, nullptr);
-        if (count == 0) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: no physical devices"); return false; }
-        std::vector<VkPhysicalDevice> devices(count);
-        vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &count, devices.data());
-        physical = devices[0];
-
-        uint32_t qCount = 0;
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(physical, &qCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> qfams(qCount);
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(physical, &qCount, qfams.data());
-        bool foundG = false, foundP = false;
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < qCount; ++i)
-        {
-            if (!foundG && (qfams[i].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)) { graphicsFamily = i; foundG = true; }
-            VkBool32 present = VK_FALSE;
-            vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(physical, i, surface, &present);
-            if (!foundP && present) { presentFamily = i; foundP = true; }
-        }
-        if (!foundG || !foundP) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: no graphics/present queue"); return false; }
-
-        std::vector<const char*> devExts = { VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME };
-        uint32_t devExtCount = 0;
-        vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(physical, nullptr, &devExtCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkExtensionProperties> devExtProps(devExtCount);
-        vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(physical, nullptr, &devExtCount, devExtProps.data());
-        for (const auto& e : devExtProps)
-            if (std::strcmp(e.extensionName, "VK_KHR_portability_subset") == 0)
-                devExts.push_back("VK_KHR_portability_subset");
-
-        float priority = 1.0f;
-        std::vector<VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo> qcis;
-        uint32_t families[2] = { graphicsFamily, presentFamily };
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < (graphicsFamily == presentFamily ? 1u : 2u); ++i)
-        {
-            VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo qci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO };
-            qci.queueFamilyIndex = families[i];
-            qci.queueCount = 1;
-            qci.pQueuePriorities = &priority;
-            qcis.push_back(qci);
-        }
-        VkDeviceCreateInfo dci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO };
-        dci.queueCreateInfoCount    = (uint32_t)qcis.size();
-        dci.pQueueCreateInfos       = qcis.data();
-        dci.enabledExtensionCount   = (uint32_t)devExts.size();
-        dci.ppEnabledExtensionNames = devExts.data();
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDevice(physical, &dci, nullptr, &device));
-        vkGetDeviceQueue(device, graphicsFamily, 0, &graphicsQueue);
-        vkGetDeviceQueue(device, presentFamily, 0, &presentQueue);
-
-        VkPhysicalDeviceProperties props{};
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(physical, &props);
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(physical, &memProps);
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan device: {}", props.deviceName);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateSwapchain()
-    {
-        VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR caps{};
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(physical, surface, &caps);
-
-        uint32_t fmtCount = 0;
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physical, surface, &fmtCount, nullptr);
-        std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> formats(fmtCount);
-        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physical, surface, &fmtCount, formats.data());
-        VkSurfaceFormatKHR chosen = formats[0];
-        for (const auto& f : formats)
-            if (f.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM && f.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR)
-                chosen = f;
-        swapchainFormat = chosen.format;
-
-        if (caps.currentExtent.width != UINT32_MAX)
-            swapchainExtent = caps.currentExtent;
-        else
-        {
-            swapchainExtent.width  = std::clamp((uint32_t)width,  caps.minImageExtent.width,  caps.maxImageExtent.width);
-            swapchainExtent.height = std::clamp((uint32_t)height, caps.minImageExtent.height, caps.maxImageExtent.height);
-        }
-
-        uint32_t imageCount = caps.minImageCount + 1;
-        if (caps.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > caps.maxImageCount)
-            imageCount = caps.maxImageCount;
-
-        VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR sci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR };
-        sci.surface          = surface;
-        sci.minImageCount    = imageCount;
-        sci.imageFormat      = chosen.format;
-        sci.imageColorSpace  = chosen.colorSpace;
-        sci.imageExtent      = swapchainExtent;
-        sci.imageArrayLayers = 1;
-        sci.imageUsage       = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
-        sci.preTransform     = caps.currentTransform;
-        sci.compositeAlpha   = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
-        sci.presentMode      = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;   // always supported, vsync
-        sci.clipped          = VK_TRUE;
-
-        uint32_t famIdx[2] = { graphicsFamily, presentFamily };
-        if (graphicsFamily != presentFamily)
-        {
-            sci.imageSharingMode      = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT;
-            sci.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2;
-            sci.pQueueFamilyIndices   = famIdx;
-        }
-        else
-            sci.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
-
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &sci, nullptr, &swapchain));
-        uint32_t n = 0;
-        vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapchain, &n, nullptr);
-        images.resize(n);
-        vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapchain, &n, images.data());
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateImageViews()
-    {
-        imageViews.resize(images.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < images.size(); ++i)
-        {
-            VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-            vci.image = images[i];
-            vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
-            vci.format = swapchainFormat;
-            vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(device, &vci, nullptr, &imageViews[i]));
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateRenderPass()
-    {
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format = swapchainFormat;
-        color.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
-        color.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
-        color.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
-
-        VkAttachmentReference ref{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{};
-        subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
-        subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
-        subpass.pColorAttachments = &ref;
-
-        VkSubpassDependency dep{};
-        dep.srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        dep.dstSubpass = 0;
-        dep.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
-        dep.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
-        dep.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color;
-        rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass;
-        rpci.dependencyCount = 1; rpci.pDependencies = &dep;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(device, &rpci, nullptr, &renderPass));
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateFramebuffers()
-    {
-        framebuffers.resize(imageViews.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < imageViews.size(); ++i)
-        {
-            VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-            fbci.renderPass = renderPass;
-            fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &imageViews[i];
-            fbci.width = swapchainExtent.width; fbci.height = swapchainExtent.height; fbci.layers = 1;
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(device, &fbci, nullptr, &framebuffers[i]));
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateCommandBuffers()
-    {
-        VkCommandPoolCreateInfo pci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        pci.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT;
-        pci.queueFamilyIndex = graphicsFamily;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateCommandPool(device, &pci, nullptr, &commandPool));
-
-        commandBuffers.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
-        VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cbai.commandPool = commandPool;
-        cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
-        cbai.commandBufferCount = MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &cbai, commandBuffers.data()));
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateSyncObjects()
-    {
-        imageAvailable.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
-        inFlight.resize(MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT);
-        renderFinished.resize(images.size());
-        imagesInFlight.assign(images.size(), VK_NULL_HANDLE);
-
-        VkSemaphoreCreateInfo sci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO };
-        VkFenceCreateInfo fci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO };
-        fci.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT;
-        for (int i = 0; i < MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT; ++i)
-        {
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateSemaphore(device, &sci, nullptr, &imageAvailable[i]));
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateFence(device, &fci, nullptr, &inFlight[i]));
-        }
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < images.size(); ++i)
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateSemaphore(device, &sci, nullptr, &renderFinished[i]));
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t VulkanRenderer::Impl::FindMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags) const
-    {
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < memProps.memoryTypeCount; ++i)
-            if ((typeFilter & (1u << i)) && (memProps.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & flags) == flags)
-                return i;
-        return UINT32_MAX;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateBuffer(VkDeviceSize size, VkBufferUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags props,
-                                            VkBuffer& buf, VkDeviceMemory& mem) const
-    {
-        VkBufferCreateInfo bci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        bci.size = size; bci.usage = usage; bci.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
-        if (vkCreateBuffer(device, &bci, nullptr, &buf) != VK_SUCCESS) return false;
-        VkMemoryRequirements req{}; vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, buf, &req);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo ai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        ai.allocationSize = req.size;
-        ai.memoryTypeIndex = FindMemoryType(req.memoryTypeBits, props);
-        if (vkAllocateMemory(device, &ai, nullptr, &mem) != VK_SUCCESS) return false;
-        vkBindBufferMemory(device, buf, mem, 0);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    std::vector<uint32_t> VulkanRenderer::Impl::LoadSpirv(const std::string& path)
-    {
-        std::ifstream file(path, std::ios::ate | std::ios::binary);
-        if (!file.is_open()) return {};
-        size_t size = (size_t)file.tellg();
-        std::vector<uint32_t> data(size / 4);
-        file.seekg(0);
-        file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data.data()), size);
-        return data;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateShaderModule(const std::string& path, VkShaderModule& out) const
-    {
-        auto spv = LoadSpirv(path);
-        if (spv.empty()) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: failed to load SPIR-V {}", path); return false; }
-        VkShaderModuleCreateInfo ci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SHADER_MODULE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ci.codeSize = spv.size() * 4; ci.pCode = spv.data();
-        return vkCreateShaderModule(device, &ci, nullptr, &out) == VK_SUCCESS;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateGeodesicResources()
-    {
-        const VkFormat fmt = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
-        const VkMemoryPropertyFlags hostVis = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-        const float SagA_rs = 1.269e10f;
-
-        VkImageCreateInfo ici{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        ici.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; ici.format = fmt; ici.extent = { GEO_W, GEO_H, 1 };
-        ici.mipLevels = 1; ici.arrayLayers = 1; ici.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        ici.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        ici.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(device, &ici, nullptr, &geoImage));
-        VkMemoryRequirements imReq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, geoImage, &imReq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo imAlloc{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        imAlloc.allocationSize = imReq.size;
-        imAlloc.memoryTypeIndex = FindMemoryType(imReq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(device, &imAlloc, nullptr, &geoImageMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(device, geoImage, geoImageMem, 0));
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo vci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        vci.image = geoImage; vci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; vci.format = fmt;
-        vci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(device, &vci, nullptr, &geoImageView));
-
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format = fmt; color.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; color.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; color.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
-        VkAttachmentReference ref{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{}; subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
-        subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &ref;
-        VkSubpassDependency deps[2]{};
-        deps[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL; deps[0].dstSubpass = 0;
-        deps[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; deps[0].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-        deps[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; deps[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        deps[1].srcSubpass = 0; deps[1].dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        deps[1].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; deps[1].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        deps[1].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; deps[1].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color;
-        rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass;
-        rpci.dependencyCount = 2; rpci.pDependencies = deps;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(device, &rpci, nullptr, &geoRenderPass));
-        VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-        fbci.renderPass = geoRenderPass; fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &geoImageView;
-        fbci.width = GEO_W; fbci.height = GEO_H; fbci.layers = 1;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(device, &fbci, nullptr, &geoFramebuffer));
-
-        CreateBuffer(128, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, camBuf, camMem);
-        CreateBuffer(32,  VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, diskBuf, diskMem);
-        CreateBuffer(800, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, objBuf, objMem);
-        CreateBuffer(16,  VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, simBuf, simMem);
-
-        camera.SetCameraMode(CameraMode::Orbital);
-        camera.SetOrbitalTarget(glm::vec3(0.0f));
-        camera.SetOrbitalRadius(1e11);
-        camera.SetOrbitalLimits(4e10, 3e11);
-        camera.SetOrbitalSpeed(0.01f);
-        camera.SetZoomSpeed(1e10);
-        camera.SetAzimuth(0.0f);
-        camera.SetElevation(1.25f);
-
-        void* p = nullptr;
-        vkMapMemory(device, camMem, 0, 128, 0, &camMapped);  // camera UBO is refilled every frame
-
-        float diskData[8] = { SagA_rs * 2.2f, SagA_rs * 5.2f, 2.0f, SagA_rs * 0.1f, 0.1f, 0, 0, 0 };
-        vkMapMemory(device, diskMem, 0, 32, 0, &p); memcpy(p, diskData, sizeof(diskData)); vkUnmapMemory(device, diskMem);
-
-        std::vector<uint8_t> objData(800, 0);
-        int numObjects = 1; memcpy(objData.data(), &numObjects, 4);
-        float posRadius[4] = { 0, 0, 0, SagA_rs }; memcpy(objData.data() + 16, posRadius, 16);
-        float objColor[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 1 };        memcpy(objData.data() + 272, objColor, 16);
-        vkMapMemory(device, objMem, 0, 800, 0, &p); memcpy(p, objData.data(), 800); vkUnmapMemory(device, objMem);
-
-        vkMapMemory(device, simMem, 0, 16, 0, &simMapped);
-
-        if (!CreateHDRICubemap("Assets/HDRI/HDR_blue_nebulae-1.hdr")) return false;
-
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding binds[5]{};
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { binds[i].binding = i; binds[i].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; binds[i].descriptorCount = 1; binds[i].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; }
-        binds[4].binding = 4; binds[4].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; binds[4].descriptorCount = 1; binds[4].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo dslci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        dslci.bindingCount = 5; dslci.pBindings = binds;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &dslci, nullptr, &geoSetLayout));
-        VkDescriptorPoolSize psizes[2] = { { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 4 }, { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1 } };
-        VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        dpci.maxSets = 1; dpci.poolSizeCount = 2; dpci.pPoolSizes = psizes;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &dpci, nullptr, &geoPool));
-        VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo dsai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        dsai.descriptorPool = geoPool; dsai.descriptorSetCount = 1; dsai.pSetLayouts = &geoSetLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &dsai, &geoSet));
-        VkDescriptorBufferInfo bi[4] = { { camBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { diskBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { objBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE }, { simBuf, 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE } };
-        VkDescriptorImageInfo cubeInfo{ cubeSampler, cubeView, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL };
-        VkWriteDescriptorSet writes[5]{};
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { writes[i].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; writes[i].dstSet = geoSet; writes[i].dstBinding = i; writes[i].descriptorCount = 1; writes[i].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; writes[i].pBufferInfo = &bi[i]; }
-        writes[4].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; writes[4].dstSet = geoSet; writes[4].dstBinding = 4; writes[4].descriptorCount = 1; writes[4].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; writes[4].pImageInfo = &cubeInfo;
-        vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, 5, writes, 0, nullptr);
-
-        float quad[] = {
-            -1.f,  1.f, 0.f, 1.f,  -1.f, -1.f, 0.f, 0.f,   1.f, -1.f, 1.f, 0.f,
-            -1.f,  1.f, 0.f, 1.f,   1.f, -1.f, 1.f, 0.f,   1.f,  1.f, 1.f, 1.f,
-        };
-        CreateBuffer(sizeof(quad), VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, quadVB, quadVBMem);
-        vkMapMemory(device, quadVBMem, 0, sizeof(quad), 0, &p); memcpy(p, quad, sizeof(quad)); vkUnmapMemory(device, quadVBMem);
-
-        VkShaderModule vmod, fmod;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/Geodesic.vertexMain.spv", vmod)) return false;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/Geodesic.fragmentMain.spv", fmod)) return false;
-        VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo plci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        plci.setLayoutCount = 1; plci.pSetLayouts = &geoSetLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &plci, nullptr, &geoPipelineLayout));
-        VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo stages[2]{};
-        stages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;   stages[0].module = vmod; stages[0].pName = "main";
-        stages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; stages[1].module = fmod; stages[1].pName = "main";
-        VkVertexInputBindingDescription vib{ 0, 16, VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX };
-        VkVertexInputAttributeDescription via[2] = { { 0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 0 }, { 1, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 8 } };
-        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        vin.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1; vin.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &vib;
-        vin.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 2; vin.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = via;
-        VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
-        VkViewport vp{ 0, 0, (float)GEO_W, (float)GEO_H, 0, 1 }; VkRect2D sc{ { 0, 0 }, { GEO_W, GEO_H } };
-        VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vps{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; vps.viewportCount = 1; vps.pViewports = &vp; vps.scissorCount = 1; vps.pScissors = &sc;
-        VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE; rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE; rs.lineWidth = 1.0f;
-        VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState cba{}; cba.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; cb.attachmentCount = 1; cb.pAttachments = &cba;
-        VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo gpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO };
-        gpci.stageCount = 2; gpci.pStages = stages;
-        gpci.pVertexInputState = &vin; gpci.pInputAssemblyState = &ia; gpci.pViewportState = &vps;
-        gpci.pRasterizationState = &rs; gpci.pMultisampleState = &ms; gpci.pColorBlendState = &cb;
-        gpci.layout = geoPipelineLayout; gpci.renderPass = geoRenderPass; gpci.subpass = 0;
-        VkResult pr = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &gpci, nullptr, &geoPipeline);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(device, vmod, nullptr); vkDestroyShaderModule(device, fmod, nullptr);
-        if (pr != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: geodesic pipeline creation failed ({})", (int)pr); return false; }
-
-        startTime = glfwGetTime();
-        UpdateGeodesicUniforms();
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan: geodesic resources ready ({}x{} offscreen)", (int)GEO_W, (int)GEO_H);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreateHDRICubemap(const char* path)
-    {
-        const VkMemoryPropertyFlags hostVis = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT | VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT;
-        const uint32_t FACE = 1024;
-        const VkFormat cubeFmt = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
-
-        VkImageCreateInfo cci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        cci.flags = VK_IMAGE_CREATE_CUBE_COMPATIBLE_BIT;
-        cci.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; cci.format = cubeFmt; cci.extent = { FACE, FACE, 1 };
-        cci.mipLevels = 1; cci.arrayLayers = 6; cci.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        cci.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
-        cci.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(device, &cci, nullptr, &cubeImage));
-        VkMemoryRequirements creq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, cubeImage, &creq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo cai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cai.allocationSize = creq.size; cai.memoryTypeIndex = FindMemoryType(creq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(device, &cai, nullptr, &cubeMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(device, cubeImage, cubeMem, 0));
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo cvci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        cvci.image = cubeImage; cvci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_CUBE; cvci.format = cubeFmt;
-        cvci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 6 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(device, &cvci, nullptr, &cubeView));
-        VkSamplerCreateInfo csm{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO };
-        csm.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; csm.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        csm.addressModeU = csm.addressModeV = csm.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateSampler(device, &csm, nullptr, &cubeSampler));
-
-        int w = 0, h = 0, ch = 0;
-        float* pixels = stbi_loadf(path, &w, &h, &ch, 4);
-        if (!pixels)
-        {
-            DONUT_WARN("Vulkan: HDRI '{}' could not be loaded; using a dark background", path);
-            VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-            cbai.commandPool = commandPool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = 1;
-            VkCommandBuffer cmd; VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &cbai, &cmd));
-            VkCommandBufferBeginInfo bi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO }; bi.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
-            vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &bi);
-            VkImageMemoryBarrier tb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER };
-            tb.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; tb.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
-            tb.image = cubeImage; tb.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 6 };
-            tb.srcAccessMask = 0; tb.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
-            vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &tb);
-            VkClearColorValue dark{}; dark.float32[0] = 0.02f; dark.float32[1] = 0.02f; dark.float32[2] = 0.05f; dark.float32[3] = 1.0f;
-            VkImageSubresourceRange rng{ VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 6 };
-            vkCmdClearColorImage(cmd, cubeImage, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, &dark, 1, &rng);
-            VkImageMemoryBarrier rb = tb; rb.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL; rb.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
-            rb.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT; rb.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-            vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &rb);
-            vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd);
-            VkSubmitInfo si{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO }; si.commandBufferCount = 1; si.pCommandBuffers = &cmd;
-            vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &si, VK_NULL_HANDLE); vkQueueWaitIdle(graphicsQueue);
-            vkFreeCommandBuffers(device, commandPool, 1, &cmd);
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        // Apple GPUs can't linearly filter RGBA32F, so store the equirect as
-        // RGBA16F (convert the loaded floats to half on the way into staging).
-        const VkFormat eqFmt = VK_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_SFLOAT;
-        size_t texelCount = (size_t)w * h * 4;
-        VkDeviceSize eqSize = (VkDeviceSize)texelCount * sizeof(uint16_t);
-        VkBuffer eqStaging; VkDeviceMemory eqStagingMem;
-        if (!CreateBuffer(eqSize, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, hostVis, eqStaging, eqStagingMem)) { stbi_image_free(pixels); return false; }
-        void* mp = nullptr; vkMapMemory(device, eqStagingMem, 0, eqSize, 0, &mp);
-        uint16_t* dst = (uint16_t*)mp;
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < texelCount; ++i) { __fp16 hf = (__fp16)pixels[i]; memcpy(&dst[i], &hf, sizeof(uint16_t)); }
-        vkUnmapMemory(device, eqStagingMem);
-        stbi_image_free(pixels);
-
-        VkImage eqImage; VkDeviceMemory eqMem;
-        VkImageCreateInfo eci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO };
-        eci.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D; eci.format = eqFmt; eci.extent = { (uint32_t)w, (uint32_t)h, 1 };
-        eci.mipLevels = 1; eci.arrayLayers = 1; eci.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        eci.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL; eci.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImage(device, &eci, nullptr, &eqImage));
-        VkMemoryRequirements ereq{}; vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, eqImage, &ereq);
-        VkMemoryAllocateInfo eai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        eai.allocationSize = ereq.size; eai.memoryTypeIndex = FindMemoryType(ereq.memoryTypeBits, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT);
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateMemory(device, &eai, nullptr, &eqMem));
-        VK_CHECK(vkBindImageMemory(device, eqImage, eqMem, 0));
-        VkImageView eqView;
-        VkImageViewCreateInfo evci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-        evci.image = eqImage; evci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; evci.format = eqFmt;
-        evci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(device, &evci, nullptr, &eqView));
-        VkSampler eqSampler;
-        VkSamplerCreateInfo esm{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO };
-        esm.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; esm.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        esm.addressModeU = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;         // longitude wraps
-        esm.addressModeV = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;  // latitude clamps
-        esm.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateSampler(device, &esm, nullptr, &eqSampler));
-
-        VkImageView faceViews[6];
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-        {
-            VkImageViewCreateInfo fvci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO };
-            fvci.image = cubeImage; fvci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D; fvci.format = cubeFmt;
-            fvci.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, i, 1 };
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateImageView(device, &fvci, nullptr, &faceViews[i]));
-        }
-
-        VkAttachmentDescription color{};
-        color.format = cubeFmt; color.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        color.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR; color.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
-        color.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE; color.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
-        color.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; color.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
-        VkAttachmentReference ref{ 0, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL };
-        VkSubpassDescription subpass{}; subpass.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS; subpass.colorAttachmentCount = 1; subpass.pColorAttachments = &ref;
-        VkSubpassDependency dep{}; dep.srcSubpass = 0; dep.dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
-        dep.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT; dep.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
-        dep.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT; dep.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-        VkRenderPass rp;
-        VkRenderPassCreateInfo rpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO };
-        rpci.attachmentCount = 1; rpci.pAttachments = &color; rpci.subpassCount = 1; rpci.pSubpasses = &subpass; rpci.dependencyCount = 1; rpci.pDependencies = &dep;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateRenderPass(device, &rpci, nullptr, &rp));
-        VkFramebuffer faceFB[6];
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-        {
-            VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
-            fbci.renderPass = rp; fbci.attachmentCount = 1; fbci.pAttachments = &faceViews[i]; fbci.width = FACE; fbci.height = FACE; fbci.layers = 1;
-            VK_CHECK(vkCreateFramebuffer(device, &fbci, nullptr, &faceFB[i]));
-        }
-
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding binds[2]{};
-        binds[0].binding = 0; binds[0].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; binds[0].descriptorCount = 1; binds[0].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;
-        binds[1].binding = 1; binds[1].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; binds[1].descriptorCount = 1; binds[1].stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayout setLayout;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo dslci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO }; dslci.bindingCount = 2; dslci.pBindings = binds;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &dslci, nullptr, &setLayout));
-        VkDescriptorPoolSize psizes[2] = { { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 6 }, { VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 6 } };
-        VkDescriptorPool pool;
-        VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO }; dpci.maxSets = 6; dpci.poolSizeCount = 2; dpci.pPoolSizes = psizes;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &dpci, nullptr, &pool));
-
-        VkShaderModule vmod, fmod;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/EquirectToCubemap.vertexMain.spv", vmod)) return false;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/EquirectToCubemap.fragmentMain.spv", fmod)) return false;
-        VkPipelineLayout playout;
-        VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo plci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO }; plci.setLayoutCount = 1; plci.pSetLayouts = &setLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &plci, nullptr, &playout));
-        VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo stages[2]{};
-        stages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;   stages[0].module = vmod; stages[0].pName = "main";
-        stages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; stages[1].module = fmod; stages[1].pName = "main";
-        VkVertexInputBindingDescription vib{ 0, 12, VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX };
-        VkVertexInputAttributeDescription via{ 0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT, 0 };
-        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        vin.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1; vin.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &vib; vin.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 1; vin.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = &via;
-        VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
-        VkViewport vp{ 0, 0, (float)FACE, (float)FACE, 0, 1 }; VkRect2D sc{ { 0, 0 }, { FACE, FACE } };
-        VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vps{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; vps.viewportCount = 1; vps.pViewports = &vp; vps.scissorCount = 1; vps.pScissors = &sc;
-        VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE; rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE; rs.lineWidth = 1.0f;
-        VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState cba{}; cba.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; cb.attachmentCount = 1; cb.pAttachments = &cba;
-        VkPipeline pipeline;
-        VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo gpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO };
-        gpci.stageCount = 2; gpci.pStages = stages; gpci.pVertexInputState = &vin; gpci.pInputAssemblyState = &ia; gpci.pViewportState = &vps;
-        gpci.pRasterizationState = &rs; gpci.pMultisampleState = &ms; gpci.pColorBlendState = &cb; gpci.layout = playout; gpci.renderPass = rp; gpci.subpass = 0;
-        VkResult pr = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &gpci, nullptr, &pipeline);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(device, vmod, nullptr); vkDestroyShaderModule(device, fmod, nullptr);
-        if (pr != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: equirect pipeline failed ({})", (int)pr); return false; }
-
-        float cubeVerts[] = {
-            -1,1,-1, -1,-1,-1, 1,-1,-1, 1,-1,-1, 1,1,-1, -1,1,-1,
-            -1,-1,1, -1,-1,-1, -1,1,-1, -1,1,-1, -1,1,1, -1,-1,1,
-             1,-1,-1, 1,-1,1, 1,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,1,-1, 1,-1,-1,
-            -1,-1,1, -1,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,-1,1, -1,-1,1,
-            -1,1,-1, 1,1,-1, 1,1,1, 1,1,1, -1,1,1, -1,1,-1,
-            -1,-1,-1, -1,-1,1, 1,-1,-1, 1,-1,-1, -1,-1,1, 1,-1,1,
-        };
-        VkBuffer cubeVB; VkDeviceMemory cubeVBMem;
-        CreateBuffer(sizeof(cubeVerts), VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, cubeVB, cubeVBMem);
-        vkMapMemory(device, cubeVBMem, 0, sizeof(cubeVerts), 0, &mp); memcpy(mp, cubeVerts, sizeof(cubeVerts)); vkUnmapMemory(device, cubeVBMem);
-
-        glm::mat4 proj = glm::perspective(glm::radians(90.0f), 1.0f, 0.1f, 10.0f);
-        proj[1][1] *= -1.0f;  // Vulkan clip space is Y-down vs OpenGL
-        glm::mat4 views[6] = {
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3( 1, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, -1, 0)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3(-1, 0, 0), glm::vec3(0, -1, 0)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3( 0, 1, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, 1)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3( 0, -1, 0), glm::vec3(0, 0, -1)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3( 0, 0, 1), glm::vec3(0, -1, 0)),
-            glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), glm::vec3( 0, 0, -1), glm::vec3(0, -1, 0)),
-        };
-        VkBuffer ubo[6]; VkDeviceMemory uboMem[6]; VkDescriptorSet sets[6];
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-        {
-            CreateBuffer(128, VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT, hostVis, ubo[i], uboMem[i]);
-            glm::mat4 mats[2] = { glm::transpose(proj), glm::transpose(views[i]) };  // SPIR-V expects row-major
-            vkMapMemory(device, uboMem[i], 0, 128, 0, &mp); memcpy(mp, mats, 128); vkUnmapMemory(device, uboMem[i]);
-            VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo dsai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO }; dsai.descriptorPool = pool; dsai.descriptorSetCount = 1; dsai.pSetLayouts = &setLayout;
-            VK_CHECK(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &dsai, &sets[i]));
-            VkDescriptorBufferInfo bufInfo{ ubo[i], 0, VK_WHOLE_SIZE };
-            VkDescriptorImageInfo imgInfo{ eqSampler, eqView, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL };
-            VkWriteDescriptorSet ws[2]{};
-            ws[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; ws[0].dstSet = sets[i]; ws[0].dstBinding = 0; ws[0].descriptorCount = 1; ws[0].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER; ws[0].pBufferInfo = &bufInfo;
-            ws[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET; ws[1].dstSet = sets[i]; ws[1].dstBinding = 1; ws[1].descriptorCount = 1; ws[1].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; ws[1].pImageInfo = &imgInfo;
-            vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, 2, ws, 0, nullptr);
-        }
-
-        VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo cbai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        cbai.commandPool = commandPool; cbai.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY; cbai.commandBufferCount = 1;
-        VkCommandBuffer cmd; VK_CHECK(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &cbai, &cmd));
-        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo bi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO }; bi.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
-        VK_CHECK(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &bi));
-        VkImageMemoryBarrier toDst{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER };
-        toDst.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED; toDst.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL;
-        toDst.image = eqImage; toDst.subresourceRange = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1 };
-        toDst.srcAccessMask = 0; toDst.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
-        vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &toDst);
-        VkBufferImageCopy copy{}; copy.imageSubresource = { VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1 }; copy.imageExtent = { (uint32_t)w, (uint32_t)h, 1 };
-        vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(cmd, eqStaging, eqImage, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, 1, &copy);
-        VkImageMemoryBarrier toRead = toDst; toRead.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL; toRead.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
-        toRead.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT; toRead.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;
-        vkCmdPipelineBarrier(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1, &toRead);
-
-        VkClearValue clear{}; clear.color = { { 0, 0, 0, 1 } };
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
-        {
-            VkRenderPassBeginInfo rpbi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-            rpbi.renderPass = rp; rpbi.framebuffer = faceFB[i]; rpbi.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, { FACE, FACE } }; rpbi.clearValueCount = 1; rpbi.pClearValues = &clear;
-            vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &rpbi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-            vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline);
-            vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, playout, 0, 1, &sets[i], 0, nullptr);
-            VkDeviceSize off = 0; vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd, 0, 1, &cubeVB, &off);
-            vkCmdDraw(cmd, 36, 1, 0, 0);
-            vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-        }
-        VK_CHECK(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
-        VkSubmitInfo si{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO }; si.commandBufferCount = 1; si.pCommandBuffers = &cmd;
-        VK_CHECK(vkQueueSubmit(graphicsQueue, 1, &si, VK_NULL_HANDLE));
-        VK_CHECK(vkQueueWaitIdle(graphicsQueue));
-
-        vkFreeCommandBuffers(device, commandPool, 1, &cmd);
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { vkDestroyBuffer(device, ubo[i], nullptr); vkFreeMemory(device, uboMem[i], nullptr); vkDestroyFramebuffer(device, faceFB[i], nullptr); vkDestroyImageView(device, faceViews[i], nullptr); }
-        vkDestroyBuffer(device, cubeVB, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(device, cubeVBMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyPipeline(device, pipeline, nullptr); vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, playout, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyDescriptorPool(device, pool, nullptr); vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, setLayout, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyRenderPass(device, rp, nullptr);
-        vkDestroySampler(device, eqSampler, nullptr); vkDestroyImageView(device, eqView, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyImage(device, eqImage, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(device, eqMem, nullptr);
-        vkDestroyBuffer(device, eqStaging, nullptr); vkFreeMemory(device, eqStagingMem, nullptr);
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan: HDRI cubemap built from {} ({}x{} equirect -> {}^2 cube)", path, w, h, (int)FACE);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::CreatePresentResources()
-    {
-        VkSamplerCreateInfo smci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO };
-        smci.magFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR; smci.minFilter = VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        smci.addressModeU = smci.addressModeV = smci.addressModeW = VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateSampler(device, &smci, nullptr, &presentSampler));
-
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutBinding bind{}; bind.binding = 0; bind.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; bind.descriptorCount = 1; bind.stageFlags = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT;
-        VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo dslci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        dslci.bindingCount = 1; dslci.pBindings = &bind;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &dslci, nullptr, &presentSetLayout));
-        VkDescriptorPoolSize psize{ VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1 };
-        VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        dpci.maxSets = 1; dpci.poolSizeCount = 1; dpci.pPoolSizes = &psize;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(device, &dpci, nullptr, &presentPool));
-        VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo dsai{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO };
-        dsai.descriptorPool = presentPool; dsai.descriptorSetCount = 1; dsai.pSetLayouts = &presentSetLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &dsai, &presentSet));
-        VkDescriptorImageInfo ii{ presentSampler, geoImageView, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL };
-        VkWriteDescriptorSet write{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_WRITE_DESCRIPTOR_SET };
-        write.dstSet = presentSet; write.dstBinding = 0; write.descriptorCount = 1; write.descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER; write.pImageInfo = &ii;
-        vkUpdateDescriptorSets(device, 1, &write, 0, nullptr);
-
-        VkShaderModule vmod, fmod;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/TexturedQuad.vertexMain.spv", vmod)) return false;
-        if (!CreateShaderModule("Assets/Shaders/generated/TexturedQuad.fragmentMain.spv", fmod)) return false;
-        VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo plci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO };
-        plci.setLayoutCount = 1; plci.pSetLayouts = &presentSetLayout;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreatePipelineLayout(device, &plci, nullptr, &presentPipelineLayout));
-        VkPipelineShaderStageCreateInfo stages[2]{};
-        stages[0].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[0].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;   stages[0].module = vmod; stages[0].pName = "main";
-        stages[1].sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_SHADER_STAGE_CREATE_INFO; stages[1].stage = VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT; stages[1].module = fmod; stages[1].pName = "main";
-        VkVertexInputBindingDescription vib{ 0, 16, VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX };
-        VkVertexInputAttributeDescription via[2] = { { 0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 0 }, { 1, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_SFLOAT, 8 } };
-        VkPipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo vin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VERTEX_INPUT_STATE_CREATE_INFO };
-        vin.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1; vin.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &vib;
-        vin.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 2; vin.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = via;
-        VkPipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo ia{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_INPUT_ASSEMBLY_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ia.topology = VK_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLE_LIST;
-        VkPipelineViewportStateCreateInfo vps{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_VIEWPORT_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; vps.viewportCount = 1; vps.scissorCount = 1;
-        VkDynamicState dyn[2] = { VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_VIEWPORT, VK_DYNAMIC_STATE_SCISSOR };
-        VkPipelineDynamicStateCreateInfo dsci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_DYNAMIC_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; dsci.dynamicStateCount = 2; dsci.pDynamicStates = dyn;
-        VkPipelineRasterizationStateCreateInfo rs{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_RASTERIZATION_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; rs.polygonMode = VK_POLYGON_MODE_FILL; rs.cullMode = VK_CULL_MODE_NONE; rs.frontFace = VK_FRONT_FACE_COUNTER_CLOCKWISE; rs.lineWidth = 1.0f;
-        VkPipelineMultisampleStateCreateInfo ms{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_MULTISAMPLE_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; ms.rasterizationSamples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendAttachmentState cba{}; cba.colorWriteMask = VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_R_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_G_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_B_BIT | VK_COLOR_COMPONENT_A_BIT;
-        VkPipelineColorBlendStateCreateInfo cb{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PIPELINE_COLOR_BLEND_STATE_CREATE_INFO }; cb.attachmentCount = 1; cb.pAttachments = &cba;
-        VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo gpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_GRAPHICS_PIPELINE_CREATE_INFO };
-        gpci.stageCount = 2; gpci.pStages = stages;
-        gpci.pVertexInputState = &vin; gpci.pInputAssemblyState = &ia; gpci.pViewportState = &vps;
-        gpci.pDynamicState = &dsci;
-        gpci.pRasterizationState = &rs; gpci.pMultisampleState = &ms; gpci.pColorBlendState = &cb;
-        gpci.layout = presentPipelineLayout; gpci.renderPass = renderPass; gpci.subpass = 0;
-        VkResult pr = vkCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 1, &gpci, nullptr, &presentPipeline);
-        vkDestroyShaderModule(device, vmod, nullptr); vkDestroyShaderModule(device, fmod, nullptr);
-        if (pr != VK_SUCCESS) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: present pipeline creation failed ({})", (int)pr); return false; }
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan: present pipeline ready");
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::Impl::UpdateGeodesicUniforms()
-    {
-        struct CamUBO {
-            glm::vec3 pos; float p0; glm::vec3 right; float p1;
-            glm::vec3 up; float p2; glm::vec3 fwd; float p3;
-            float tanHalfFov; float aspect; uint32_t moving; int p4;
-        } camData{};
-        glm::vec3 pos   = camera.GetOrbitalPosition();
-        glm::vec3 fwd   = glm::normalize(camera.GetOrbitalTarget() - pos);
-        glm::vec3 right = glm::normalize(glm::cross(fwd, glm::vec3(0, 1, 0)));
-        camData.pos = pos; camData.right = right; camData.up = glm::cross(right, fwd); camData.fwd = fwd;
-        camData.tanHalfFov = (float)tan(glm::radians(60.0f * 0.5f));
-        camData.aspect = (float)GEO_W / (float)GEO_H;
-        camData.moving = camera.IsDragging() || camera.IsPanning() ? 1u : 0u;
-        if (camMapped) memcpy(camMapped, &camData, sizeof(camData));
-
-        // Fewer integration steps while the camera moves keeps dragging responsive;
-        // more steps once it settles renders the disk in full.
-        struct SimUBO { int stepsMoving; int stepsStatic; float earlyExit; float time; } sim;
-        sim.stepsMoving = 3500; sim.stepsStatic = 5000; sim.earlyExit = 5e12f;
-        sim.time = (float)(glfwGetTime() - startTime);
-        if (simMapped) memcpy(simMapped, &sim, sizeof(sim));
-    }
-
-    static double g_ScrollAccum = 0.0;
-    static GLFWscrollfun g_PrevScroll = nullptr;
-    static void DonutVkScrollCallback(GLFWwindow* w, double x, double y)
-    {
-        if (g_PrevScroll) g_PrevScroll(w, x, y);  // keep ImGui's scroll handling intact
-        g_ScrollAccum += y;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::Impl::ProcessInput()
-    {
-        bool overUI = imguiInit && ImGui::GetIO().WantCaptureMouse;
-
-        bool leftDown = glfwGetMouseButton(window, GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT) == GLFW_PRESS;
-        if (leftDown && !leftWasDown && !overUI)
-            camera.ProcessOrbitalMouseButton(GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT, GLFW_PRESS, 0);
-        else if (!leftDown && leftWasDown)
-            camera.ProcessOrbitalMouseButton(GLFW_MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT, GLFW_RELEASE, 0);
-        leftWasDown = leftDown;
-
-        double mx = 0, my = 0;
-        glfwGetCursorPos(window, &mx, &my);
-        camera.ProcessOrbitalMouseMove(mx, my);  // tracks last position internally; orbits only while dragging
-
-        double scroll = g_ScrollAccum; g_ScrollAccum = 0.0;
-        if (scroll != 0.0 && !overUI)
-            camera.ProcessOrbitalScroll(0.0, scroll);
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::Impl::DestroyGeodesicResources()
-    {
-        if (presentPipeline) vkDestroyPipeline(device, presentPipeline, nullptr);
-        if (presentPipelineLayout) vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, presentPipelineLayout, nullptr);
-        if (presentPool) vkDestroyDescriptorPool(device, presentPool, nullptr);
-        if (presentSetLayout) vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, presentSetLayout, nullptr);
-        if (presentSampler) vkDestroySampler(device, presentSampler, nullptr);
-
-        if (geoPipeline) vkDestroyPipeline(device, geoPipeline, nullptr);
-        if (geoPipelineLayout) vkDestroyPipelineLayout(device, geoPipelineLayout, nullptr);
-        if (geoPool) vkDestroyDescriptorPool(device, geoPool, nullptr);
-        if (geoSetLayout) vkDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, geoSetLayout, nullptr);
-        if (quadVB) vkDestroyBuffer(device, quadVB, nullptr);
-        if (quadVBMem) vkFreeMemory(device, quadVBMem, nullptr);
-        if (cubeSampler) vkDestroySampler(device, cubeSampler, nullptr);
-        if (cubeView) vkDestroyImageView(device, cubeView, nullptr);
-        if (cubeImage) vkDestroyImage(device, cubeImage, nullptr);
-        if (cubeMem) vkFreeMemory(device, cubeMem, nullptr);
-        if (camMapped) { vkUnmapMemory(device, camMem); camMapped = nullptr; }
-        if (simMapped) { vkUnmapMemory(device, simMem); simMapped = nullptr; }
-        VkBuffer ubos[4] = { camBuf, diskBuf, objBuf, simBuf };
-        VkDeviceMemory umem[4] = { camMem, diskMem, objMem, simMem };
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { if (ubos[i]) vkDestroyBuffer(device, ubos[i], nullptr); if (umem[i]) vkFreeMemory(device, umem[i], nullptr); }
-        if (geoFramebuffer) vkDestroyFramebuffer(device, geoFramebuffer, nullptr);
-        if (geoRenderPass) vkDestroyRenderPass(device, geoRenderPass, nullptr);
-        if (geoImageView) vkDestroyImageView(device, geoImageView, nullptr);
-        if (geoImage) vkDestroyImage(device, geoImage, nullptr);
-        if (geoImageMem) vkFreeMemory(device, geoImageMem, nullptr);
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::RecordCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer cmd, uint32_t imageIndex, const glm::vec4& clear, ImDrawData* drawData)
-    {
-        VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO };
-        VK_CHECK(vkBeginCommandBuffer(cmd, &begin));
-
-        // Geodesic offscreen pass
-        VkClearValue geoClear{}; geoClear.color = { { 0, 0, 0, 1 } };
-        VkRenderPassBeginInfo grp{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-        grp.renderPass = geoRenderPass; grp.framebuffer = geoFramebuffer;
-        grp.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, { GEO_W, GEO_H } };
-        grp.clearValueCount = 1; grp.pClearValues = &geoClear;
-        vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &grp, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-        vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, geoPipeline);
-        vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, geoPipelineLayout, 0, 1, &geoSet, 0, nullptr);
-        VkDeviceSize off = 0; vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd, 0, 1, &quadVB, &off);
-        vkCmdDraw(cmd, 6, 1, 0, 0);
-        vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-
-        // Swapchain pass: upscale the geodesic image, then the ImGui UI on top
-        VkClearValue cv{}; cv.color = { { clear.r, clear.g, clear.b, clear.a } };
-        VkRenderPassBeginInfo rpbi{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO };
-        rpbi.renderPass = renderPass;
-        rpbi.framebuffer = framebuffers[imageIndex];
-        rpbi.renderArea = { { 0, 0 }, swapchainExtent };
-        rpbi.clearValueCount = 1; rpbi.pClearValues = &cv;
-        vkCmdBeginRenderPass(cmd, &rpbi, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
-        vkCmdBindPipeline(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, presentPipeline);
-        // Negative-height viewport flips the geodesic image vertically so the scene
-        // reads the same as the OpenGL path (Vulkan's clip space is Y-down). Only
-        // this draw is affected; ImGui sets its own viewport.
-        VkViewport vp{ 0, (float)swapchainExtent.height, (float)swapchainExtent.width, -(float)swapchainExtent.height, 0, 1 };
-        VkRect2D scissor{ { 0, 0 }, swapchainExtent };
-        vkCmdSetViewport(cmd, 0, 1, &vp);
-        vkCmdSetScissor(cmd, 0, 1, &scissor);
-        vkCmdBindDescriptorSets(cmd, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, presentPipelineLayout, 0, 1, &presentSet, 0, nullptr);
-        vkCmdBindVertexBuffers(cmd, 0, 1, &quadVB, &off);
-        vkCmdDraw(cmd, 6, 1, 0, 0);
-        if (drawData)
-            ImGui_ImplVulkan_RenderDrawData(drawData, cmd);
-        vkCmdEndRenderPass(cmd);
-
-        VK_CHECK(vkEndCommandBuffer(cmd));
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::Impl::CleanupSwapchain()
-    {
-        for (auto fb : framebuffers) vkDestroyFramebuffer(device, fb, nullptr);
-        framebuffers.clear();
-        for (auto iv : imageViews) vkDestroyImageView(device, iv, nullptr);
-        imageViews.clear();
-        if (renderPass) { vkDestroyRenderPass(device, renderPass, nullptr); renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-        if (swapchain)  { vkDestroySwapchainKHR(device, swapchain, nullptr); swapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Impl::RecreateSwapchain()
-    {
-        // Wait until the window has a non-zero size (e.g. after un-minimizing).
-        int w = 0, h = 0;
-        glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &w, &h);
-        while (w == 0 || h == 0)
-        {
-            glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &w, &h);
-            glfwWaitEvents();
-        }
-        width = w; height = h;
-        vkDeviceWaitIdle(device);
-
-        CleanupSwapchain();
-        // renderFinished are tied to image count; recreate below via sync if it changed.
-        if (!CreateSwapchain())   return false;
-        if (!CreateImageViews())  return false;
-        if (!CreateRenderPass())  return false;
-        if (!CreateFramebuffers())return false;
-        imagesInFlight.assign(images.size(), VK_NULL_HANDLE);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    VulkanRenderer::VulkanRenderer()  { m_Impl = new Impl(); }
-    VulkanRenderer::~VulkanRenderer() { Shutdown(); delete m_Impl; m_Impl = nullptr; }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::Init(void* glfwWindow, int width, int height)
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        v.window = (GLFWwindow*)glfwWindow;
-        v.width = width; v.height = height;
-
-        if (!v.CreateInstance())        return false;
-        if (!v.PickPhysicalAndDevice()) return false;
-        if (!v.CreateSwapchain())       return false;
-        if (!v.CreateImageViews())      return false;
-        if (!v.CreateRenderPass())      return false;
-        if (!v.CreateFramebuffers())    return false;
-        if (!v.CreateCommandBuffers())  return false;
-        if (!v.CreateSyncObjects())     return false;
-        if (!v.CreateGeodesicResources()) return false;
-        if (!v.CreatePresentResources())  return false;
-
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan renderer ready: {} swapchain images, {}x{}",
-                   (int)v.images.size(), v.swapchainExtent.width, v.swapchainExtent.height);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    bool VulkanRenderer::InitImGui()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return false;
-
-        VkDescriptorPoolSize poolSize{ VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1000 };
-        VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo dpci{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_INFO };
-        dpci.flags = VK_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_FREE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_BIT;
-        dpci.maxSets = 1000;
-        dpci.poolSizeCount = 1; dpci.pPoolSizes = &poolSize;
-        VK_CHECK(vkCreateDescriptorPool(v.device, &dpci, nullptr, &v.imguiPool));
-
-        IMGUI_CHECKVERSION();
-        ImGui::CreateContext();
-        ImGuiIO& io = ImGui::GetIO();
-        io.ConfigFlags |= ImGuiConfigFlags_NavEnableKeyboard;
-        io.ConfigFlags |= ImGuiConfigFlags_DockingEnable;
-        ImGui::StyleColorsDark();
-
-        ImGui_ImplGlfw_InitForVulkan(v.window, true);
-        g_PrevScroll = glfwSetScrollCallback(v.window, DonutVkScrollCallback);  // chain ImGui + camera zoom
-        ImGui_ImplVulkan_InitInfo info{};
-        info.ApiVersion     = VK_API_VERSION_1_2;
-        info.Instance       = v.instance;
-        info.PhysicalDevice = v.physical;
-        info.Device         = v.device;
-        info.QueueFamily    = v.graphicsFamily;
-        info.Queue          = v.graphicsQueue;
-        info.DescriptorPool = v.imguiPool;
-        info.RenderPass     = v.renderPass;
-        info.MinImageCount  = 2;
-        info.ImageCount     = (uint32_t)v.images.size();
-        info.MSAASamples    = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
-        if (!ImGui_ImplVulkan_Init(&info))
-        {
-            DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: ImGui_ImplVulkan_Init failed");
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        v.imguiInit = true;
-        DONUT_INFO("Vulkan: ImGui backend initialized");
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::OnResize(int width, int height)
-    {
-        m_Impl->framebufferResized = true;
-        m_Impl->width = width; m_Impl->height = height;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::DrawFrame(const glm::vec4& clearColor, const std::function<void()>& buildUI)
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) return;
-
-        ImDrawData* drawData = nullptr;
-        if (v.imguiInit)
-        {
-            ImGui_ImplVulkan_NewFrame();
-            ImGui_ImplGlfw_NewFrame();
-            ImGui::NewFrame();
-            if (buildUI) buildUI();
-            ImGui::Render();
-            drawData = ImGui::GetDrawData();
-        }
-
-        vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &v.inFlight[v.currentFrame], VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
-
-        uint32_t imageIndex = 0;
-        VkResult r = vkAcquireNextImageKHR(v.device, v.swapchain, UINT64_MAX,
-                                           v.imageAvailable[v.currentFrame], VK_NULL_HANDLE, &imageIndex);
-        if (r == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) { v.RecreateSwapchain(); return; }
-        if (r != VK_SUCCESS && r != VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR) { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: acquire failed ({})", (int)r); return; }
-
-        if (v.imagesInFlight[imageIndex] != VK_NULL_HANDLE)
-            vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &v.imagesInFlight[imageIndex], VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
-        v.imagesInFlight[imageIndex] = v.inFlight[v.currentFrame];
-
-        // The geodesic offscreen image is shared across frames in flight; wait for
-        // the previous frame to finish reading it before overwriting it this frame.
-        if (v.geoInUse != VK_NULL_HANDLE)
-            vkWaitForFences(v.device, 1, &v.geoInUse, VK_TRUE, UINT64_MAX);
-        v.ProcessInput();
-        v.UpdateGeodesicUniforms();
-
-        vkResetCommandBuffer(v.commandBuffers[v.currentFrame], 0);
-        if (!v.RecordCommandBuffer(v.commandBuffers[v.currentFrame], imageIndex, clearColor, drawData)) return;
-
-        VkPipelineStageFlags waitStage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
-        VkSubmitInfo submit{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO };
-        submit.waitSemaphoreCount   = 1;
-        submit.pWaitSemaphores      = &v.imageAvailable[v.currentFrame];
-        submit.pWaitDstStageMask    = &waitStage;
-        submit.commandBufferCount   = 1;
-        submit.pCommandBuffers      = &v.commandBuffers[v.currentFrame];
-        submit.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
-        submit.pSignalSemaphores    = &v.renderFinished[imageIndex];
-
-        vkResetFences(v.device, 1, &v.inFlight[v.currentFrame]);
-        if (vkQueueSubmit(v.graphicsQueue, 1, &submit, v.inFlight[v.currentFrame]) != VK_SUCCESS)
-        { DONUT_ERROR("Vulkan: queue submit failed"); return; }
-        v.geoInUse = v.inFlight[v.currentFrame];
-
-        VkPresentInfoKHR present{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR };
-        present.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
-        present.pWaitSemaphores    = &v.renderFinished[imageIndex];
-        present.swapchainCount     = 1;
-        present.pSwapchains        = &v.swapchain;
-        present.pImageIndices      = &imageIndex;
-        r = vkQueuePresentKHR(v.presentQueue, &present);
-        if (r == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR || r == VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR || v.framebufferResized)
-        {
-            v.framebufferResized = false;
-            v.RecreateSwapchain();
-        }
-
-        v.currentFrame = (v.currentFrame + 1) % MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT;
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRenderer::Shutdown()
-    {
-        Impl& v = *m_Impl;
-        if (v.device == VK_NULL_HANDLE) { if (v.instance && v.surface) { vkDestroySurfaceKHR(v.instance, v.surface, nullptr); v.surface = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } if (v.instance) { vkDestroyInstance(v.instance, nullptr); v.instance = VK_NULL_HANDLE; } return; }
-
-        vkDeviceWaitIdle(v.device);
-        v.DestroyGeodesicResources();
-        if (v.imguiInit)
-        {
-            ImGui_ImplVulkan_Shutdown();
-            ImGui_ImplGlfw_Shutdown();
-            ImGui::DestroyContext();
-            v.imguiInit = false;
-        }
-        if (v.imguiPool) { vkDestroyDescriptorPool(v.device, v.imguiPool, nullptr); v.imguiPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-        for (auto s : v.renderFinished) vkDestroySemaphore(v.device, s, nullptr);
-        for (auto s : v.imageAvailable) vkDestroySemaphore(v.device, s, nullptr);
-        for (auto f : v.inFlight)       vkDestroyFence(v.device, f, nullptr);
-        v.renderFinished.clear(); v.imageAvailable.clear(); v.inFlight.clear();
-        if (v.commandPool) { vkDestroyCommandPool(v.device, v.commandPool, nullptr); v.commandPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-        v.CleanupSwapchain();
-        vkDestroyDevice(v.device, nullptr); v.device = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-        if (v.surface)  { vkDestroySurfaceKHR(v.instance, v.surface, nullptr); v.surface = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-        if (v.instance) { vkDestroyInstance(v.instance, nullptr); v.instance = VK_NULL_HANDLE; }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b5a23f..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <glm/glm.hpp>
-#include <functional>
-
-// Live-window Vulkan backend: owns the instance, surface, device, swapchain,
-// render pass, framebuffers and per-frame synchronization, and drives the
-// acquire -> record -> submit -> present loop. Pure-C++ header (no vulkan.h /
-// glfw leak); the GLFW window is passed as an opaque handle.
-namespace Donut
-{
-    // Must be called BEFORE glfwInit() when the Vulkan API is selected: points
-    // GLFW at the loader the app links against (GLFW's own dlopen fails on
-    // macOS/Homebrew) and configures the MoltenVK ICD / layer paths.
-    void VulkanPrepareGLFW();
-
-    class VulkanRenderer
-    {
-    public:
-        VulkanRenderer();
-        ~VulkanRenderer();
-
-        // glfwWindow must be a GLFW window created with GLFW_NO_API.
-        bool Init(void* glfwWindow, int width, int height);
-        void Shutdown();
-
-        // Creates the ImGui context + Vulkan/GLFW backends. Call after Init().
-        bool InitImGui();
-
-        // Renders + presents one frame: clears to clearColor, then (if InitImGui
-        // ran) opens an ImGui frame, invokes buildUI to populate it, and draws it.
-        void DrawFrame(const glm::vec4& clearColor, const std::function<void()>& buildUI = {});
-
-        void OnResize(int width, int height);
-
-    private:
-        struct Impl;
-        Impl* m_Impl = nullptr;
-    };
-}
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 79f7633..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanRendererAPI.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::Init()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan renderer API initialization
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::SetViewport(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan viewport setting
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan clear color setting
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::Clear()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan clear
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::EnableDepthTest()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan depth test enabling
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::DisableDepthTest()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan depth test disabling
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::SetFaceCulling(bool enabled)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan face culling setting
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::EnableBlending()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan blending enabling
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::DisableBlending()
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan blending disabling
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::DrawIndexed(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, uint32_t indexCount)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan indexed drawing
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::DrawArrays(uint32_t vertexCount, uint32_t first)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan array drawing
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::DrawLines(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, uint32_t indexCount)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan line drawing
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::BindTexture(uint32_t textureID, uint32_t slot)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan texture binding
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::BindImageTexture(uint32_t textureID, uint32_t slot, bool readOnly)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan image texture binding
-    }
-
-    void VulkanRendererAPI::ReadPixels(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, 
-                                       uint32_t format, uint32_t type, void* pixels)
-    {
-        // TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan pixel reading
-        // For now, this is a placeholder implementation
-        // In a real Vulkan implementation, this would involve:
-        // 1. Creating a staging buffer
-        // 2. Copying the framebuffer to the staging buffer
-        // 3. Mapping the staging buffer and copying to the pixels array
-        // 4. Unmapping and destroying the staging buffer
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 63a623f..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanRendererAPI.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Core/Memory.h"
-#include "Rendering/Renderer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class VulkanRendererAPI 
-        : public RendererAPI
-    {
-    public:
-        virtual void Init()                                       override;
-        virtual void SetViewport(uint32_t x,     uint32_t y, 
-                                 uint32_t width, uint32_t height) override;
-        virtual void SetClearColor(const glm::vec4& color)        override;
-        virtual void Clear()                                      override;
-        virtual void EnableDepthTest()                            override;
-        virtual void DisableDepthTest()                           override;
-        virtual void SetFaceCulling(bool enabled)                 override;
-        virtual void EnableBlending()                             override;
-        virtual void DisableBlending()                            override;
-
-        virtual void DrawIndexed(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, 
-                                 uint32_t indexCount = 0)         override;
-        
-        virtual void DrawArrays(uint32_t vertexCount, 
-                                uint32_t first = 0)               override;
-        virtual void DrawLines(const Ref<VertexArray>& vertexArray, 
-                               uint32_t indexCount = 0)           override;
-        virtual void BindTexture(uint32_t textureID, 
-                                 uint32_t slot = 0)               override;
-        virtual void BindImageTexture(uint32_t textureID, 
-                                      uint32_t slot = 0, 
-                                      bool readOnly = false)      override;
-        virtual void ReadPixels(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, 
-                                uint32_t format, uint32_t type, void* pixels) override;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 2117384..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,146 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanShader.h"
-
-#include <fstream>
-#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	VulkanShader::VulkanShader(const std::string& filepath)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader creation from filepath
-	}
-
-	VulkanShader::VulkanShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& vertexSrc, const std::string& fragmentSrc)
-		: m_Name(name)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader creation from source
-	}
-
-	VulkanShader::VulkanShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& computeSrc)
-		: m_Name(name)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan compute shader creation
-	}
-
-	VulkanShader::~VulkanShader()
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader cleanup
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::Bind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader binding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::Unbind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader unbinding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetInt(const std::string& name, int value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader int uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader int array uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetFloat(const std::string& name, float value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader float uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader float2 uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader float3 uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader float4 uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::SetMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader mat4 uniform setting
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::Dispatch(uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t z)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan compute shader dispatch
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::DispatchIndirect(uint32_t offset)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan indirect compute shader dispatch
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::MemoryBarrier(uint32_t barriers)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan memory barrier
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformInt(const std::string& name, int value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform int upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform int array upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformFloat(const std::string& name, float value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform float upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform float2 upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform float3 upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform float4 upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformMat3(const std::string& name, const glm::mat3& matrix)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform mat3 upload
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::UploadUniformMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& matrix)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan uniform mat4 upload
-	}
-
-	std::string VulkanShader::ReadFile(const std::string& filepath)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement file reading for Vulkan shader
-		return "";
-	}
-
-	std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> VulkanShader::PreProcess(const std::string& source)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement shader preprocessing for Vulkan
-		return {};
-	}
-
-	void VulkanShader::Compile(const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string>& shaderSources)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan shader compilation
-	}
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 138a742..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanShader.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/Shader.h"
-
-#include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
-namespace Donut 
-{
-	class VulkanShader 
-		: public Shader
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanShader(const std::string& filepath);
-		VulkanShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& vertexSrc, const std::string& fragmentSrc);
-		VulkanShader(const std::string& name, const std::string& computeSrc);
-		virtual ~VulkanShader();
-
-		virtual void Bind()   const override;
-		virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-		virtual void SetInt(const std::string& name, int value)                        override;
-		virtual void SetIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count) override;
-		virtual void SetFloat(const std::string& name, float value)                    override;
-		virtual void SetFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value)        override;
-		virtual void SetFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value)        override;
-		virtual void SetFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value)        override;
-		virtual void SetMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& value)          override;
-
-		virtual void Dispatch(uint32_t x, uint32_t y = 1, uint32_t z = 1) override;
-		virtual void DispatchIndirect(uint32_t offset = 0)                override;
-		virtual void MemoryBarrier(uint32_t barriers)                     override;
-
-		virtual const std::string& GetName() const override { return m_Name; }
-	virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-		void UploadUniformInt(const std::string& name, int value);
-		void UploadUniformIntArray(const std::string& name, int* values, uint32_t count);
-		void UploadUniformFloat(const std::string& name, float value);
-		void UploadUniformFloat2(const std::string& name, const glm::vec2& value);
-		void UploadUniformFloat3(const std::string& name, const glm::vec3& value);
-		void UploadUniformFloat4(const std::string& name, const glm::vec4& value);
-		void UploadUniformMat3(const std::string& name, const glm::mat3& matrix);
-		void UploadUniformMat4(const std::string& name, const glm::mat4& matrix);
-	private:
-		std::string ReadFile(const std::string& filepath);
-		std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string> PreProcess(const std::string& source);
-		void Compile(const std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::string>& shaderSources);
-		uint32_t    m_RendererID;
-		std::string m_Name;
-	};
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 4145130..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanTexture.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	VulkanTexture2D::VulkanTexture2D(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-		: m_Width(width), m_Height(height)
-	{
-		m_InternalFormat = 0;
-		m_DataFormat = 0;
-		m_RendererID = 0;
-	}
-
-	VulkanTexture2D::VulkanTexture2D(const std::string& path)
-		: m_Path(path)
-	{
-		m_Width = 1;
-		m_Height = 1;
-		m_InternalFormat = 0;
-		m_DataFormat = 0;
-		m_RendererID = 0;
-	}
-
-	VulkanTexture2D::~VulkanTexture2D()
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanTexture2D::SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanTexture2D::Bind(uint32_t slot) const
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanTexture2D::BindAsImage(uint32_t slot, bool readOnly) const
-	{
-	}
-
-	// Vulkan Cubemap Implementation (Placeholder)
-	VulkanCubemapTexture::VulkanCubemapTexture(uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
-		: m_Width(width), m_Height(height)
-	{
-		m_InternalFormat = 0;
-		m_DataFormat = 0;
-		m_RendererID = 0;
-	}
-
-	VulkanCubemapTexture::VulkanCubemapTexture(const std::string& path)
-		: m_Path(path)
-	{
-		m_Width = 1024;
-		m_Height = 1024;
-		m_InternalFormat = 0;
-		m_DataFormat = 0;
-		m_RendererID = 0;
-	}
-
-	VulkanCubemapTexture::~VulkanCubemapTexture()
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanCubemapTexture::SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanCubemapTexture::Bind(uint32_t slot) const
-	{
-	}
-
-	void VulkanCubemapTexture::BindAsImage(uint32_t slot, bool readOnly) const
-	{
-	}
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.h
deleted file mode 100644
index dd9e1df..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanTexture.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/Texture.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	class VulkanTexture2D
-		: public Texture2D
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanTexture2D(uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
-		VulkanTexture2D(const std::string& path);
-		virtual ~VulkanTexture2D();
-
-		virtual uint32_t GetWidth()      const override { return m_Width; }
-		virtual uint32_t GetHeight()     const override { return m_Height; }
-		virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-		virtual void SetData(void* data, uint32_t size) override;
-		virtual void Bind(uint32_t slot = 0) const override;
-		virtual void BindAsImage(uint32_t slot = 0, bool readOnly = false) const override;
-
-		virtual bool operator==(const Texture& other) const override
-		{
-			return m_RendererID == ((VulkanTexture2D&)other).m_RendererID;
-		}
-	private:
-		std::string m_Path;
-		uint32_t    m_Width, m_Height;
-		uint32_t    m_RendererID;
-		uint32_t    m_InternalFormat, m_DataFormat;
-	};
-
-	class VulkanCubemapTexture
-		: public CubemapTexture
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanCubemapTexture(uint32_t width, uint32_t height);
-		VulkanCubemapTexture(const std::string& path);
-		virtual ~VulkanCubemapTexture();
-
-		virtual uint32_t GetWidth()      const override { return m_Width;      }
-		virtual uint32_t GetHeight()     const override { return m_Height;     }
-		virtual uint32_t GetRendererID() const override { return m_RendererID; }
-
-		virtual void SetData(void* data, uint32_t size)                          override;
-		virtual void Bind(uint32_t slot = 0)                               const override;
-		virtual void BindAsImage(uint32_t slot = 0, bool readOnly = false) const override;
-
-		virtual bool operator==(const Texture& other) const override
-		{
-			return m_RendererID == ((VulkanCubemapTexture&)other).m_RendererID;
-		}
-	private:
-		std::string m_Path;
-		uint32_t    m_Width, m_Height;
-		uint32_t    m_RendererID;
-		uint32_t    m_InternalFormat, m_DataFormat;
-	};
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 8152478..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanUniformBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    VulkanUniformBuffer::VulkanUniformBuffer(uint32_t size, uint32_t binding)
-        : m_Size(size), m_Binding(binding)
-    {
-        // TODO: Implement Vulkan uniform buffer
-    }
-
-    VulkanUniformBuffer::~VulkanUniformBuffer()
-    {
-        // TODO: Implement Vulkan uniform buffer cleanup
-    }
-
-    void VulkanUniformBuffer::SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size, uint32_t offset)
-    {
-        // TODO: Implement Vulkan uniform buffer data setting
-    }
-
-    void VulkanUniformBuffer::Bind(uint32_t binding)
-    {
-        // TODO: Implement Vulkan uniform buffer binding
-    }
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index bbf152d..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanUniformBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/UniformBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-    class VulkanUniformBuffer : public UniformBuffer
-    {
-    public:
-        VulkanUniformBuffer(uint32_t size, uint32_t binding);
-        virtual ~VulkanUniformBuffer();
-
-        virtual void SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size, uint32_t offset = 0) override;
-        virtual void Bind(uint32_t binding)                                        override;
-    private:
-        uint32_t m_Size;
-        uint32_t m_Binding;
-    };
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index de22f05..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanVertexArray.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	VulkanVertexArray::VulkanVertexArray()
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex array creation
-	}
-
-	VulkanVertexArray::~VulkanVertexArray()
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex array cleanup
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexArray::Bind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex array binding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexArray::Unbind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex array unbinding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexArray::AddVertexBuffer(const Ref<VertexBuffer>& vertexBuffer)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer addition
-		m_VertexBuffers.push_back(vertexBuffer);
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexArray::SetIndexBuffer(const Ref<IndexBuffer>& indexBuffer)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan index buffer setting
-		m_IndexBuffer = indexBuffer;
-	}
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.h
deleted file mode 100644
index e4484e5..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexArray.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/VertexArray.h"
-#include "Core/Memory.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	class VulkanVertexArray 
-		: public VertexArray
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanVertexArray();
-		virtual ~VulkanVertexArray();
-
-		virtual void Bind()   const override;
-		virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-		virtual void AddVertexBuffer(const Ref<VertexBuffer>& vertexBuffer) override;
-		virtual void SetIndexBuffer(const Ref<IndexBuffer>& indexBuffer)   override;
-
-		virtual const std::vector<Ref<VertexBuffer>>& GetVertexBuffers() const { return m_VertexBuffers; }
-		virtual const Ref<IndexBuffer>& GetIndexBuffer()                 const { return m_IndexBuffer;   }
-	private:
-		uint32_t                                   m_RendererID;
-		std::vector<Ref<VertexBuffer>> m_VertexBuffers;
-		Ref<IndexBuffer>               m_IndexBuffer;
-	};
-};
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.cpp b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index f77cbe4..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-#include "VulkanVertexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	VulkanVertexBuffer::VulkanVertexBuffer(uint32_t size)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer creation with size
-	}
-
-	VulkanVertexBuffer::VulkanVertexBuffer(float* vertices, uint32_t size)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer creation with data
-	}
-
-	VulkanVertexBuffer::~VulkanVertexBuffer()
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer cleanup
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexBuffer::Bind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer binding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexBuffer::Unbind() const
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer unbinding
-	}
-
-	void VulkanVertexBuffer::SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size)
-	{
-		// TODO(Hachem): Implement Vulkan vertex buffer data setting
-	}
-};
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.h b/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.h
deleted file mode 100644
index e809e44..0000000
--- a/src/Platform/Vulkan/VulkanVertexBuffer.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Rendering/VertexBuffer.h"
-
-namespace Donut
-{
-	class VulkanVertexBuffer
-        : public VertexBuffer
-	{
-	public:
-		VulkanVertexBuffer(uint32_t size);
-		VulkanVertexBuffer(float* vertices, uint32_t size);
-		virtual ~VulkanVertexBuffer();
-
-		virtual void Bind()   const override;
-		virtual void Unbind() const override;
-
-		virtual void SetData(const void* data, uint32_t size) override;
-
-		virtual const VertexBufferLayout& GetLayout()      const override { return m_Layout;  }
-		virtual void SetLayout(const VertexBufferLayout& layout) override { m_Layout = layout; }
-	private:
-		uint32_t           m_RendererID;
-		VertexBufferLayout m_Layout;
-	};
-};